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- A wild-type fruit fly (heterozygous for gray body color andred eyes) is mated with a black fruit fly with purple eyes. Theoffspring are wild-type, 721; black purple, 751; gray purple, 49;black red, 45. What is the recombination frequency betweenthese genes for body color and eye color? Using informationfrom problem 3, what fruit flies (genotypes and phenotypes)would you mate to determine the order of the body color, wingsize, and eye color genes on the chromosome?. A geneticist mapping the genes A, B, C, D, and E makestwo 3-point testcrosses. The first cross of pure lines isA/A ⋅ B/B ⋅ C/C ⋅ D/D ⋅ E/E × a/a ⋅ b/b ⋅ C/C ⋅ d/d ⋅ E/EThe geneticist crosses the F1 with a recessive tester andclassifies the progeny by the gametic contribution ofthe F1:A ⋅ B ⋅ C ⋅ D ⋅ E 316a ⋅ b ⋅ C ⋅ d ⋅ E 314A ⋅ B ⋅ C ⋅ d ⋅ E 31a ⋅ b ⋅ C ⋅ D ⋅ E 39A ⋅ b ⋅ C ⋅ d ⋅ E 130a ⋅ B ⋅ C ⋅ D ⋅ E 140A ⋅ b ⋅ C ⋅ D ⋅ E 17a ⋅ B ⋅ C ⋅ d ⋅ E 131000The second cross of pure lines is A/A • B/B • C/C • D/D •E/E × a/a • B/B • c/c • D/D • e/e.The geneticist crosses the F1 from this cross with arecessive tester and obtainsA ⋅ B ⋅ C ⋅ D ⋅ E 243a ⋅ B ⋅ c ⋅ D ⋅ e 237A ⋅ B ⋅ c ⋅ D ⋅ e 62a ⋅ B ⋅ C ⋅ D ⋅ E 58A ⋅ B ⋅ C ⋅ D ⋅ e 155a ⋅ B ⋅ c ⋅ D ⋅ E 165a ⋅ B ⋅ C ⋅ D ⋅ e 46A ⋅ B ⋅ c ⋅ D ⋅ E 341000The geneticist also knows that genes D and E assortindependently.a. Draw a map of these genes, showing distances inmap units wherever possible.b. Is there any evidence of interference?In a plant, fruit color is either red or yellow, and fruit shape iseither oval or long. Red and oval are the dominant traits. Twoplants, both heterozygous for these traits, were testcrossed, withthe results shown in the following table. Determine the locationof the genes relative to one another and the genotypes of the twoparental plants. ProgenyPhenotype Plant A Plant Bred, long 46 4yellow, oval 44 6 red, oval 5 43yellow, long 5 47Total 100 100
- The distance between two molecular markers that are linked alongthe same chromosome can be determined by analyzing the outcomesof crosses. This can be done in humans by analyzing a family’spedigree. However, the accuracy of linkage mapping in humanpedigrees is fairly limited because the number of people in mostfamilies is relatively small. As an alternative, researchers cananalyze a population of sperm, produced from a single male, andcompute linkage distance in this manner. As an example, let’ssuppose a male is heterozygous for two polymorphic STSs. STS-1exists in two sizes: 234 bp and 198 bp. STS-2 also exists in twosizes: 423 bp and 322 bp. A sample of sperm was collected fromthis man, and individual sperm were placed into 40 separate tubes.In other words, there was one sperm in each tube. Believe it or not,PCR is sensitive enough to allow analysis of DNA in a single sperm!Into each of the 40 tubes were added the primers that amplify STS-1and STS-2, and then the samples were…The question should be whether you reject or do not reject the Fisher test null hypothesis using data for all three institutions, not for two. Test that Mode ofInheritance is Autosomal Recessive forexperiments at each of three researchinstitutions At two research instructions, the parental cross is a affected(disease) male with an unaffected (wild‐type) female. Thecross of a male and female in the F 1generation produces thefollowing counts in the F 2generation: Question to be answered: Computethe Fisher Combined P‐value test using the data fromthe two sites, and draw a conclusion (reject, do notreject) the null hypothesis for the Fisher test, namelythat the specified MOI at each site is correct. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/aff2.68(only abstract) https://bigislandnow.com/2022/10/23/native-predatory-fish-help-control-invasive-species-in-hawaiian-fishpond-on-o%CA%BBahu/#:~:text=Jacks%20and%20barracuda%20in%20He%CA%BBeia,on%20the%20invasive%20mullet%20species.DABS Exit Submit Required information A single-factor cross is one in which the inheritance of only one character and Its associated genotypes are followed. Punnett squares are often used to predict the outcomes of simple genetic crosses. Based on Mendel's laws, the genotypes of the parents can be used to predict the genes in their gametes and the resulting progeny. A Punnett square enables you to predict the types of offspring the parents are expected to produce and in what proportions. Sickle cell anemia is a recessive trait in humans. In a cross between two parents who are heterozygous for the gene, what are the genotypes of the parents? es AA The genotype of the father -Aa Aa The genotype of the mother -Aa Can't be determined aa Show All c.png MacBook Air
- If you cross a fruit fly with the genotype Gg, Hh, II, Jj to another fruit fly with genotype Gg, Hh, Ii, jjwhat fraction of their offspring do you expect to have genotype Gg, HH, II, jj? Show your work using individual punnett square for each trait then multiplying the fractions found through the punnett squaresThe images attached show a parental cross that is homozygous wild female x white male. F1 were intercrossed to produce the F2 generation as indicated below: Wild Female: 416 Wild Male: 192 White Female: 0 White Male: 192 A chi-square analysis was done and an image was also attached. Please discus what conclusions can be made based on the data/findings.In most two-factor crosses involving linked genes, we cannot tellif a double crossover between the two genes has occurred becausethe offspring will inherit the nonrecombinant pattern of alleles.How does the inability to detect double crossovers affect thecalculation of map distance? Is map distance underestimated oroverestimated because of our inability to detect double crossovers?Explain your answer.
- Write the number of different kinds of phenotypes,excluding sex, you would see among a large numberof progeny from an F1 mating between individuals ofidentical genotype that are heterozygous for one ortwo genes (that is, Aa or Aa Bb) as indicated. No geneinteractions means that the phenotype determined byone gene is not influenced by the genotype of theother gene.a. One gene; A completely dominant to a.b. One gene; A and a codominant.c. One gene; A incompletely dominant to a.d. Two unlinked genes; no gene interactions; Acompletely dominant to a, and B completelydominant to b.e. Two genes, 10 m.u. apart; no gene interactions; Acompletely dominant to a, and B completely dominant to b.f. Two unlinked genes; no gene interactions; A anda codominant, and B incompletely dominant to b.g. Two genes, 10 m.u. apart; A completely dominantto a, and B completely dominant to b; and withrecessive epistasis between aa and the alleles ofgene B.h. Two unlinked duplicated genes (that is, A and Bperform…Let’s suppose a gene exists as a functional wild-type allele and anonfunctional mutant allele. At the organism level (i.e., at the levelof visible traits), the wild-type allele is dominant. In a heterozygote,discuss whether dominance occurs at the cellular or molecularlevel. Discuss examples in which the issue of dominance dependson the level of examination.In which type of cross(es) can we apply and demonstrate the law of segregation and law of independent assortment? Why can’t we apply the 2 Mendelian laws on monohybrid crosses? Explain briefly. How can one use a pedigree chart to hypothesize how a certain condition is transmitted? Can a pedigree chart show probability of occurrence more accurately than the Punnett square? Why or why not?