In which type of cross(es) can we apply and demonstrate the law of segregation and law of independent assortment? Why can’t we apply the 2 Mendelian laws on monohybrid crosses? Explain briefly. How can one use a pedigree chart to hypothesize how a certain condition is transmitted? Can a pedigree chart show probability of occurrence more accurately than the Punnett square? Why or why not?

In which type of cross(es) can we apply and demonstrate the law of segregation and law of independent assortment? Why can’t we apply the 2 Mendelian laws on monohybrid crosses? Explain briefly. How can one use a pedigree chart to hypothesize how a certain condition is transmitted? Can a pedigree chart show probability of occurrence more accurately than the Punnett square? Why or why not?

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Description: In which type of cross(es) can we apply and demonstrate the law of segregation and law of independent assortment? Why can’t we apply the 2 Mendelian laws on monohybrid crosses? Explain briefly.How can one use a pedigree chart to hypothesize how a cer

Concepts of Biology

1st Edition

ISBN:9781938168116

Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise

Publisher:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise

Chapter8: Patterns Of Inheritance

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 2ACQ: Figure 8.10 In pea plants, purple flowers (P) are dominant to white (p), and yellow peas (Y) are...

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Figure 8.10 In pea plants, purple flowers (P) are dominant to white (p), and yellow peas (Y) are dominant to green (y). What are the possible genotypes and phenotypes for a cross between PpYY and ppYy pea plants? How many squares would you need to complete a Punnett square analysis of this cross?
In which type of cross(es) can we apply and demonstrate the law of segregation and law of independent assortment? Why can’t we apply the 2 Mendelian laws on monohybrid crosses? Explain briefly
On the basis of Mendel’s observations (i.e. Mendelian patterns), predict the results from the following crosses with peas. Show the results in terms of genotypes, phenotypes, and their proportions in the offspring. The progeny of a tall (dominant and homozygous) variety crossed with a dwarf variety. The progeny of (a) self-fertilized. The progeny from (a) crossed with the original tall parent. The progeny of (a) crossed with the original dwarf parent.
In a dihybrid cross of two bi-allelic Mendelian genes, A (two alleles – completely dominant A and recessive a), and B (two alleles – completely dominant B and recessive b), such that the parental generation comprises of pure-bred homozygotes (i.e. AABB with aabb), what are the expected genotype and phenotype ratios in the F1 and F2, if the F1 cross is (a) an intercross and if the F1 cross is (b) a testcross
A dihybrid cross is performed between two heterozygous individuals (heterozygous for two traits). The resulting offspring had 62 individuals that were dominant for trait 1 and 2 (D/D), 7 individuals that were R/R, 21 individuals that were R/D, and 25 individuals that were D/R. Using Mendelian inheritance as the null hypothesis, use χ2 analysis to determine if the trait follows Mendelian inheritance. A. How many D/D phenotype offspring are expected? B. How many R/D phenotype offspring are expected? C. How many degrees of freedom are there? D. What is your calculated χ2 value? E. What is the critical value if using a probability of 0.05? F. Does the trait follow Mendelian inheritance?
In classical Mendelian genetics, how can one check the genotype of a parent (A) expressing the characters of a dominant allele? Select one: a. By performing a back cross with a recessive homozygote parent (B). If the A parent is homozygote for the dominant allele, then all the individuals from the F1 will display the dominant character. If the parent A was, instead, a heterozygote, then 50% of the F1 progeny will express the recessive character (homozygote recessive) and 50% the dominant one (heterozygotes). b. It is impossible to check such genotype without using specific molecular assays. c. By performing a back cross with a dominant homozygote parent (B). If the A parent is homozygote for the dominant allele, then all the individuals from the F1 will display the dominant character.
#2 a) If sex and eye colored were viewed as two different phenotypes with male being dominant over female (or vice versa), then Mendelian ratios of a dihybrid cross may explain the ratios that Morgan got. Here is some hypothetical data based on the ratios gotten by Morgan and the expected Mendelian ratios for a dihybrid F1 cross. Perform a Chi-square test (separate scrap paper) with the null hypothesis being that the "Morgan observed ratios" are within chance from the Mendelian ratios. State whether the Chi-square test supports or rejects the null hypothesis and explain. (Be sure to include the X2 value, degrees of freedom, critical value.) Hint: what did Morgan discover? Think about this for your degrees of freedom.* Expected Mendelian Ratios Morgan Observed Ratios 900 Red, male 800 Red, male 300 Red, female 400 Red, female 300 white, male 400 white, male O white, female 100 white, female Terms of Use Support | Schoology Blog | PRIVACY POLICY IN
# 2 a) If sex and eye colored were viewed as two different phenotypes with male being dominant over female (or vice versa), then Mendelian ratios of a dihybrid cross may explain the ratios that Morgan got. Here is some hypothetical data based on the ratios gotten by Morgan and the expected Mendelian ratios for a dihybrid F1 cross. Perform a Chi-square test (separate scrap paper) with the null hypothesis being that the "Morgan observed ratios" are within chance from the Mendelian ratios. State whether the Chi-square test supports or rejects the null hypothesis and explain. (Be sure t include the X2 value, degrees of freedom, critical value.) Hint: what did Morgan discover? Think about this for your degrees of freedom. * Expected Mendelian Ratios Morgan Observed Ratios 900 Red, male 800 Red, male 300 Red, female 400 Red, female 400 white, male 300 white, maile O white, female 100 white, female Schoology Support | Schoology Blog | PRIVACY POLICY | Terms of Use INTL
A cross like this (between two individuals heterozygous for two traits) is often referred to as a "two-point test cross". The expected ratio of phenotypes if the two traits are caused by unlinked genes displaying simple Mendelian dominant inheritance is 9:3:3:1. For this ratio, match each term of the ratio with the appropriate phenotype Wrinkled and green peas 1. 9 Round and yellow peas 2. 3 Round and green peas 3. 1 Wrinkled and yellow peas > >
A series of three-point testcrosses is made to determine the genetic map order of seven linked allele pairs: A/a, B/b, G/g, H/h, Q/q, R/r, and Y/y.From each cross between a triply heterozygous parent listed below, two recombinant classes were noticed as the least frequent among all 8 progeny classes, and are listed at the right in the table. A. For each testcross write the genotype of the F1 heterozygous parent. F1 Parental Phenotype Least frequent F2 Phenotype 1.AHB&ahb AHb & ahB 2.RYh&ryH RYH & ryh 3.BhY&bHy Bhy & bHY 4.qYB&Qyb qYb & QyB 5.AbQ&aBq Abq & aBQ 6.ghR&GHr ghr & GHR B. Write the unified map order of these genes, showing your reasoning.
The following are F2 results of two Mendel mono hybrid crosses. For each cross state a null hypothesis to be tested using x2 analysis. a) full pods 882 constricted pods 299 b) violet flowers 705 white flowers 224. Calculate the X2value and determine the p value for both. Interpret the p values. Can the deviation in each case be attributed to chance or not? Which of the two crosses shows a greater amount of deviation?
In corn (Zea mays), the wild type trait is for kernels to be round; some kernels are shrunken (S), which is caused by recessive, mutant alleles of various genes. You obtain five strains of corn with shrunken kernels, and conduct pairwise crosses between all five strains (1x1, 1x2, 1,3, etc). The results are summarized in the matrix below: if the offspring have the wild type trait, round, then they are represented with a "+"; if the offspring have the trait caused by recessive, mutant alleles, shrunken, they are marked with "S" 1 2 3 4 5 1 S 2 + S 3 + 4 5 + S S S S S S + + + S a. How many total genes are represented by these five strains? Explain your answer. b. Which of the five strains represent the same genes? (how can they be grouped, if at all). Explain your answer.