Using the word anomeric carbon, “acceptor” nucleophilic substrate, and activated “donor”, describe how Glycosyl transferase's (and glycosidases) catalyze glycan and glycoconjugate formation
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Using the word anomeric carbon, “acceptor” nucleophilic substrate, and activated “donor”, describe how Glycosyl transferase's (and glycosidases) catalyze glycan and glycoconjugate formation
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- Using the word anomeric carbon, “acceptor” nucleophilic substrate, and activated “donor”, describe how Glycosyl transferase's (and glycosidases) catalyze glycan and glycoconjugate formation Please answer asapThe enzyme chymotrypsin, catalyses the hydrolysis of nitrophenyl acetate and pther acyl esters. Name the amino acid residue, the side chain of the residue, and the type of bond/linkage involved in the formation of the acyl-emzyme complex during catalysis.In serine protease catalytic triad mechanism, the first and second products that leaves the active site are Carboxylic acid and amide respectively Amide and carboxylic acid respectively Ester and amide respectively Carboxylic acid and ester respectively
- We talked about the types (mechanisms) of catalysis, including acid-base catalysis, covalent bond formation, metal ion stabilization, and nucleophile attacks of reactants/intermediates following substrate binding. Using the SN2 mechanism for Peptidoglycan cleavage by Lysozyme, indicate the type of catalysis that each of these groups are taking part in. Provide your answers in the thread. Note: this is not part of the assignments for Friday. i. Glu35 ii. Asp52 iii. H2ODraw the structures of the activated carbon groups bound to thiamine pyrophosphate in three enzymes that contain this coenzyme. Hint: Keto–enol tautomerism may enter into the picture.The reaction catalyzed by phosphorylase is readily reversible in vitro. At pH 6.8, the equilibrium ratio of orthophosphate to glucose 1-phosphate is 3.6. The value of ΔG°’ for this reaction is small because a glycosidic bond is replaced by a phosphoryl ester bond that has a nearly equal transfer potential. However, phosphorolysis proceeds far in the direction of glycogen breakdown in vivo. Suggest one means by which the reaction can be made irreversible in vivo.
- When hyaluronan synthase from Pasteurella multocida was expressed in E. coli, the bacteria spun out a capsule of hyaluronan. This reaction was analyzed using purified membrane fragments containing the hyaluronan synthase, a radio-labeled tetrasaccharide acceptor (Part A), along with the activated forms of the sugar subunits: UDP-N-acetylglucosamine and UDP-glucuronic acid. In short incubations with the complete mixture, the tetrasaccharide primer elongated by several units, although only odd-numbered chains were visible (Part B lane 2). If one or both activated sugars were left out, the results shown in lanes 3-5 (Part B) were obtained. Why do you suppose that only odd-number chains are visible in your assay? (A) ACCEPTOR nonreducing end HO- HO OH COO glucuronic acid (GICUA) HO- CH3 T C=O I NH CH₂ OH N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) COO но- HO OH OH I CH₂ reducing end NH C=O CH3 Choose one: O A. Synthase adds GlcNAc much more slowly than it adds GICUA. O B. One of the monosaccharide…In Bacillus subtilis, threonine is metabolized by the following sequence of reactions: (a) oxidation; (b) decarboxylation;(c) transamination; and (d) oxidation to produce pyruvate. Outline this sequence of steps, show the structures of thesubstances, use abbreviations for the cofactors, and show any enzyme-bound coenzymes. What type of enzyme bound intermediate is likely for reaction (d)?Phosphoribosyltransferase (PRT) catalyzes the attachment of a salvaged purine nitrogenous base on the activated form of ribose-5-phosphate called 5-phosphoribosyl- α α-pyrophosphate ( α α-PRPP). True Or False
- Provide an explanation for why glucose-6-phopshate must be isomerized to fructose-6-phosphate in glycolysis.From the complete oxidation of glucose (glucose 6CO2), how many total nucleotide triphosphates are yielded (be sure to deduct payback) as part of substrate level phosphorylation?The second high energy intermediate metabolite of glycolysis that can be used for substrate level phosphorylation is also a precursor molecule for the synthesis of several amino acids. Name 5 of these amino acids.