Tale Which of the following are determinants of arterial oxygenation? Select all that apply. A) CO2 levels in the blood B) Amount of oxygen in alveolar air C) Amount of hemoglobin present D) CO2 levels in the cerebrospinal fluid
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- Which of the following statements are TRUE: Very low oxygen levels will cause: a) Myoglobin instead of hemeglobin will be used to transfer oxygen to cells b) You might experience feelings similar to sickle-cell anemia c) You might have a higher total concentration of hemeglobin to help transport enough oxygen. d) Oxygen will be more concentrated in the air, resulting in higher saturation of hemeglobinWhich of the following statements is FALSE regarding a rightward shift in the hemoglobin-oxygen dissociation curve? A) Affinity for oxygen is increased. B) Oxygen loading onto the hemoglobin is increased. C) Hemoglobin is more saturated at a given PO2. D) It can be caused by a decrease in temperature. E) It can be caused by a decrease in blood pH.Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding a leftward shift in the hemoglobin-oxygen dissociation curve? A) Affinity for oxygen is increased. B) Oxygen loading onto the hemoglobin is increased. C) Hemoglobin is more saturated at a given PO2. D) It can be caused by a decrease in temperature. E) It can be caused by a decrease in blood pH.
- Which of the following can affect the binding of oxygen to hemoglobin? A) The pH of plasma OB) The levels of 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate C) Albumin levels in plasma D) a and b E) a and c OF) a, b and cWhich of the following concerning hemoglobin is true? a) BPG decreases at high altitudes and causes more O2 offloading in tissues b) As pH increases, [CO2] increases in tissues, causing more O2 release in tissue c) The R state is stabilized by CO2 binding, whereas the T state is stabilized by O2 binding d) About 38% of oxygen dissociates from hemoglobin in tissues e) Hemoglobin has a higher affinity for oxygen than carbon monoxide My guess is D. What following statement is TRUE concerning motifs and domains? a) Both motifs and domains are independently stable. b) Domains undergo dynamic individual changes that affect the entire protein c) B-a-ß loops, B barrels, and helix-turn-helix structure are types of domains d) Motifs and domains are part of secondary structural elements e) Ab initio computations predict motif folds accurately a majority of the time My guess is B. Which of the following is TRUE under the following conditions: an enzyme displaying Michaelis-Menten kinetics…Which of the following concerning hemoglobin is true? a) BPG decreases at high altitudes and causes more O2 offloading in tissues b) As pH increases, [CO2] increases in tissues, causing more O2 release in tissue c) The R state is stabilized by CO2 binding, whereas the T state is stabilized by O2 binding d) About 38% of oxygen dissociates from hemoglobin in tissues e) Hemoglobin has a higher affinity for oxygen than carbon monoxide My guess is D.
- Choose the factors that favor LOADING of oxygen onto hemoglobin. a) higher PO b) higher pH c) lower PCO d) lower BPG e) all of the aboveKnowing the composition of blood is central to our understanding of the overall functions of the cardiovascular system and the respiratory system, and how these systems work together. a) Complete the Table below by;i) Describing the functions of each of the listed blood components.ii) Identifying if the blood component is directly (or indirectly) involved in the transport of respiratory gases. b) Explain how oxygen and carbon dioxide are transported in the bloodstream. Blood Component General Functions Involved in transport of respiratory gases (Yes / No) Plasma Red blood cells White blood cells3) which of the following would increase the relase of erythropoietin by the kidneys? A) all of these answers would cause an increase in erythropoietin release s B) decrease in red blood cells only C) decreased oxygen availability only D) hypoxia due to a decrease in red blood cells only F) increased tissue demand for oxygen only
- The sigmoidal, cooperative binding curve commonly observed for hemoglobin is a result of: a) competition between CO2 and O2 for heme binding. B) competition between heme and distal His for O2 binding c) competition between BPG and CO2 for binding at the central cavity site d) T to R transition Hemoglobin has a tendency to release its oxygen to the tissues because: a) in this region pH is high and O2 concentrations are low b) in this region both pH and O2 concentrations are low c) in this region both pH and O2 concentrations are high d) there is much BPG in this region Which statement about fetal hemoglobin is not true? A) fetal hemoglobin has gamma chains instead of beta chains b) fetal hemoglobin binds BPG less strongly than maternal hemoglobin c) fetal hemoglobin binds oxygen less strongly than maternal hemoglobin d) fetal hemoglobin binds oxygen more strongly than maternal hemoglobin Which process is most responsible for the sickling of cells seen in sickle…a build up in fluids in the lung will result in a reduced amount of oxygen in the blood returning to the heart from the lungs because A) the bronchioles have dilated B) there is less hemoglobin in the blood C) the surface area for external respiration has been reduced D) the permeability of the lung capillaries has been increasedWhich of the links below are true? a) The cysteine moieties in the beta globulin - nitric oxide transport b) The globe component in hemoglobin - carbon dioxide transport c) The home group in the hemoglobin - oxygen transport d) Carbonic anhydrase - carbon dioxide transport
