Solve the following problem using Write-Invalidate and Write-Through algorithm? Given three processors P1, P2, and P3 and a variable x =9 stored in the main memory. Show the contents of each processor cache and the main memory with the following instructions: P1 Reads x P1 Reads x P2 reads x P1 Updates x=x*2 P2 Updates x= x+5 P1 Replaces x
Q: 1. Solve the following problems: a) Given a 50 MHz FOSC, how long does it take the instruction goto…
A: We need to find time and number of instructions.
Q: 2- Draw memory and microprocessor contents before and after execution the following instruction: MOV…
A: Given: We are given a microprocessor instruction below: Goal: We have to find the contents of…
Q: add $t4,$t1,$t3 add $t3,$t1,$t2 What data hazard prevents a multiple-issue processor from executing…
A: Given the program: Instruction 1: add $t4,$t1,$t3 Instruction 2: add $t3,$t1,$t2
Q: Q:Consider computing the overall MIPS for a machine A for which the following performance measures…
A: Average number of cycles per instruction = 30*1 + 20*3 + 10*5 + 15*7 + 5*2 / 100 = 255/100 = 2.55…
Q: Draw memory and microprocessor contents before and atter execution the following instruction: MOV…
A: Note: As per our guidelines , we are supposed to answer only one question. Kindly repost other…
Q: Consider the following portions of three different programs running at the same time on three…
A:
Q: Evaluate the effect of the instruction LDR r1, [r2], #4, given the initial values below. What is the…
A: As ldr r1,[r2], #4 means r1= mem[r2] this means r1=mem[1004] so r1=20 r2 = 1004+4 r2=1008 r3=50…
Q: QUESTION 5 "Assuming: in a MIPS machine, all the memory locations have data -1; all the registers…
A: Answer is given below
Q: The following table shows the memory hierarchy for a 2 GHz processor with the following information:…
A:
Q: Answer the following questions. A. A computer system has a main memory access time as 60ns. you as a…
A: ANSWER:-
Q: A certain microprocessor requires either 2, 3, 4, 8, or 12 machine cycles to perform various…
A: Solution: To find the clock rate, first find the average number of machine cycle per instructions.…
Q: Consider a CPU with clock cycle of 10ns that executes program A in 100 clock cycles and access the…
A: Given Data : Cycle time = 10 ns Program A takes = 100 cycles Program A access memory = 50 times…
Q: Assume miss rate of an instruction cache is 2% and miss rate of data cache IS 4%. If a processor…
A: Introduction
Q: Assume miss rate of an instruction cache is 2% and miss rate of data cache is 4%. If a pročessor…
A: Introduction : Given , Data and conditions , we have to calculate ,by how much faster a processor…
Q: umber of cores in a new generation of processors doubles. How much additional off-chip memory…
A: Assume that every 18 months, the number of cores in a new generation of processors doubles. How much…
Q: 4. Assume that the state of the 8088´s registers and memory is as follows: Memory [DS:100H] = 0FH…
A: So after executing the each instructions the results prodeuced in the destination operand are given…
Q: Assume that every 18 months, the number of cores available on a new generation of CPUs is doubled.…
A: Double CPUs: An electronic device with two CPUs. In contrast to dual core systems, which have two…
Q: Consider the data path below for a single cycle 32-bits MIPS processor Assume that we are executing…
A: the option c is correct
Q: Why do we need cache memory when we already have RAM (Random Access Memory), which is a kind of…
A: Cache Memory: Data retrieval from the a computer's memory is made more effective by cache memory, a…
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A: Given information:- The amount of parallelizable instructions (p) = 90% = 0.9 So, the amount of…
Q: Assume that every 18 months, the number of cores available on new CPU generations doubles. How much…
A: CPU The part of a PC framework that controls the understanding and execution of guidelines. The CPU…
Q: Q3 Assume the following latencies for a single-issue processor. Instruction Producing Result FP…
A: Answer: I have given answered in the handwritten format in brief explanation
Q: benchmark program is run on a 40 MHz processor. The executed program consists of 80000 instruction…
A: Total time = effective CPI * instruction Count * CPU clock cycle time Effective CPI = Fi*CPIi…
Q: Consider the following portions of three different programs running at the same time on three…
A: a) Total = Total + val_1; LDR AC, [0x0100] ADD AC, [0x0120] STR [0x0100], AC Total = Total - val_2…
Q: Suppose you have a processor with a base CPI of 1.0, and two caches (L1 and L2). You have the…
A:
Q: Suppose that in 1000 memory references there are 150 misses in first level and 100 miss in second…
A: Given:
Q: A certain microprocessor requires either 2, 4, 8, 12, or 16 machine cycles to perform various…
A: Distribution of the frequency: CPU speed is considered as the key deciding factor for finding the…
Q: Consider a processor running a program. 30% of the instructions of which require a memory read or…
A: Given, cache hit ratio = 0.95 cache hit for data = 0.9 cache hit cycles = 1 cache miss cycles = 17
Q: For a single cycle Processor, how many clock cycles are required to execute the following code…
A: Actually, memory is a used to stores the data.
Q: Assume an instruction cache miss rate for gcc of 2% and a data cache miss rate of 4%. If a machine…
A: Introduction :Given , Instruction cache miss rate = 2%data cache miss rate = 4%CPI of machine is 2…
Q: On the Motorola 68020 microprocessor, a cache access takes two clock cycles. Data access from main…
A: step: 1 of 2 Preconditions: One clock cycle = 60 ns Given that, Cache access takes two clock cycles,…
Q: Suppose the hypothetical processor has two I/O instructions: 0011=Load AC from I/O 0111=Store AC to…
A: Given:- 0011=Load AC from I/O0111=Store AC to I/O
Q: Assume that the Intel 8086 registers AL, BL, CL, and DL have the following values Gn Hexadecimal)…
A: Question 1) XCHG BL, DL will exchange the values of BL with DL , thus BL= AB DL = CD. Question 2)…
Q: d) Consider I have the following instructions Id addi x11, x12, 5 x12, 16(x11) add x13, x11, x12…
A: In above code we can see that each instruction consist of 3-stage . however, some instruction depend…
Q: Q:Consider computing the overall MIPS for a machine A for which the following performance measures…
A:
Q: Assume that registers $s0, and $s1 hold the value 0x80000000 and 0×D0000000, respectively. (0x:…
A: a. $s0 =0x80000000 = 1000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 (32 bits) $s1 = 0xD0000000…
Q: For each code below, explain whether there is any hazard or not; if there is a hazard, suggest a…
A: Code1 :- There is a data hazard for the value of register X10 in this code. This code requires…
Q: Assume that every 18 months, the number of cores that are available on a new generation of CPUs…
A: According to the described scenario, the CPU's core count will double once every 18 months (or one…
Q: Given a MIPS processor with a direct-mapped data cache. On this processor the following code is…
A: Note: Answering the first question as per the guidelines. Given : The given sample code to access…
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A: Number of the lines in set 'K' = 2 Total capacity of cache memory = 8 K Byte Block size = 2w = line…
Q: b) An 8051 subroutine is shown below: MOV RO, #20OH MOV @RO, #0 LOOP: INC RO CJNE RO, #80H,LOOP RET…
A: a) This subroutine is to clear the RAM locations 20H to 7FH b) total machine cycles: MC Bytes…
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A: The 8086 is a 16 bit microprocessor. The total number of output that are (a) 64 M The 8086 have 20…
Q: (B)- Choose the correct answer for the following questions (Choose FIVE Only) 1. Assume AL register…
A: 1) Ans:- Option c Assume AL register 7FH, it would become 81H after executed NEG AL instruction. 2)…
Q: Suppose you have overclocked a processor to 8,722.78MHz. This processor can execute one instruction…
A: Below i have answered:
Q: Suppose we have a processor with a base CPI of 2.0 assuming all references hit in the pnmary cache…
A: Given Base CPI = 2.0 Clock rate = 1000 MHz = 1 GHz Miss rate/instruction = 5% Main memory access…
Q: Given the following latencies-- I-Mem: 200ps, Add: 70ps, Mux: 20ps, ALU: 90ps, Regs: 90ps, D-Mem:…
A: GIVEN: I-Mem Add Mux ALU Regs D-Mem Sign-Extend Shift-Left-2 200ps 70ps 20ps 90ps 90ps 250ps…
Q: Consider the following system: CPU base CPI = 2, clock rate = 2GHZ Miss rate/instruction = 3%, Main…
A: Here we find effective CPI for given question : Answer 1) Answer :3.5
Q: Consider computing the overall CPI for a machine Z for which the following performance measures were…
A: The clock rate of the CPU = 200mhz. Instruction Category Percentage of Occurrence No. of cycles…
Q: Calculate the hit and miss ratios in the cache and in the main memory for the processor assuming if…
A: Cache Hits + Cache Misses= m + k Cache Miss Ratio = 1 - Cache Hit Ratio For example, assume that a…
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- If a microprocessor has a cycle time of 0.5 nanoseconds, what’s the processor clock rate? If the fetch cycle is 40% of the processor cycle time, what memory access speed is required to implement load operations with zero wait states and load operations with two wait states?How does pipelining improve CPU efficiency? What’s the potential effect on pipelining’s efficiency when executing a conditional BRANCH instruction? What techniques can be used to make pipelining more efficient when executing conditional BRANCH instructions?The time it takes to perform the fetch instruction and decode instruction steps is called the execution time. True or false?
- On the Motorola 68020 microprocessor, a cache access takes two clock cycles. Data access from main memory over the bus to the processor takes three clock cycles in the case of no wait state insertion; the data are delivered to the processor in parallel with delivery to the cache. a. Calculate the effective length of a memory cycle given a hit ratio of 0.9 and a clocking rate of 16.67 MHz. b. Repeat the calculations assuming insertion of two wait states of one cycle each per memory cycle. What conclusion can you draw from the results?Consider a computer with cache, DRAM, HDD memory hierarchy. The hit rate of cache is 90% and DRAM is 95%. Read latencies of cache, DRAM, and HDD are 5ns, 100ns, and 1ms respectively. What is the average latency of executing an instruction involving a memory read? Express your answer in micro-seconds. Round it to the nearest integer. Enter your answer hereAssignment-04. A non-pipelined CPU has 12 general purpose registers (RO, R1, R2, . Following operation are supported: R12), .... ADD Ra, Rb, Rr Add Ra to Rb and store the result in Rr MUL Ra, Rb, Rr Multiply Ra to Rb and store the result in Rr MUL operations takes two dlock cycles, ADD takes one clock cycle. Calculate minimum number of clock cycles required to compute the value of the expression XY +XYZ + YZ The variables X,Y, Z are initially available in registers RO, R1 and R2 and contents of these registers must not be modified,
- Q: Suppose the hypothetical processor has two I/O instructions: 0011=Load AC from I/O0111=Store AC to I/OIn this case, the 12-bit address identifies a particular external device. Show the program execution using figure for the following program:a) Load AC from device 6b) Add contents of memory location 880c) Store AC to device 7Microprocessor Hw Q1 Execute the following code and show the contents of the registers: LDI R16,$03 LDI R17,$10 HERE: AND R16, R17 BREQ HERE ADD R16,17 Q2 Find the number of times the following loop is performed: LDI R20,20 BACK: LDI R21,$0A HERE: DEC R21 BRNE HERE DEC R20 BRNE BACK Q3. Execute the following code and show the contents of the registers: LDI R16,$03 LDI R17,$15 HERE: ADD R16, R17 COM R16 BRSH HERE EOR R16,17 JMP NEXT SUB R16,R17 NEXT: ROR R16Suppose that the following instructions are found at the given locations in memory: 20 LDA 50 21 BRP 22 22 STO 51 50 100 51 100 Choose the contents of the registers: PC, MAR, MDR, IR, A at the end of fetch-execute cycle for instruction 22: PC MAR MDR IR A
- Q2- Write a program in assembly language for the 8085 microprocessor to receive one byte of data via the SID and store it at the memory address (3000H to 3009H) using a baud rate of 1200. Information: The 8085 processor operates at a frequency of 3.072 MHz . When receive the required bytes, you must adhere to the following: The bits of two high bits will be received at the beginning of the reception(start bits 1 1 ), after that the data bits will be received, after that the low bit of the stop bit will be received (stop bit 0 ). The following flowchart will help you. The solution must be integrated and include the calculation of the baudrate delay time5. Below is a depiction of a loop in instruction memory address Охо TOP: instruction 1 Ox4 instruction 2 Ox8 instruction 3 OxC instruction 4 Ох10 conditional branch to TOP Assume that the branch target buffer is initially empty, and the prediction bits are set to Strongly Taken (ST). Fill in the blanks On the first pass through the loop we take the branch. The branch target bits are now We suffer stalls. On the second pass through the loop we don't take the branch. The branch target bits are now We suffer stalls. On the third pass through the loop we don't take the branch. The branch target bits are now We suffer stalls. On the fourth pass through the loop we don't take the branch. The branch target bits are now We suffer stalls.in 80886 microprocessor Suppose that. DS = 0200H, BX = 0300H, and DI-400H Determine the memory address accessed by each of the following instructions, assuming real mode operation: (1) MOV AL,[1234H] (2) MOV AX,[BX] (3) MOV [DI]AL