Review Conceptual Example 6 before working this problem. For water vapor in air a 293 K, the diffusion constant is D = 2.4 x 10-5 m²/s.As outlined in Problem 51(a), the time required for the first solute molecules to traverse a channel of length L is t = L²/(2D), accordingto Fick's law. (a) Find the time t for L = 0.0180 m. (b) For comparison, how long would a water molecule take to travel L = 0.0180 m atthe translational rms speed of water molecules (assumed to be an ideal gas) at a temperature of 293 K?(a) NumberDiffusionV.rmsLUnits(b) NumberiUnits

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Answered: Review Conceptual Example 6 before…

Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations and Connections

1st Edition

ISBN:9781133939146

Author:Katz, Debora M.

Publisher:Katz, Debora M.

Chapter20: Kinetic Theory Of Gases

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 37PQ

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Cylinder A contains oxygen (O2) gas, and cylinder B contains nitrogen (N2) gas. If the molecules in the two cylinders have the same rms speeds, which of the following statements is false? (a) The two gases haw different temperatures. (b) The temperature of cylinder B is less than the temperature of cylinder A. (c) The temperature of cylinder B is greater than the temperature of cylinder A. (d) The average kinetic energy of the nitrogen molecules is less than the average kinetic energy of the oxygen molecules.
On a hot summer day, the density of air at atmospheric pressure at 35.0C is 1.1455 kg/m3. a. What is the number of moles contained in 1.00 m3 of an ideal gas at this temperature and pressure? b. Avogadros number of air molecules has a mass of 2.85 102 kg. What is the mass of 1.00 m3 of air? c. Does the value calculated in part (b) agree with the stated density of air at this temperature?
An ideal gas is contained in a vessel at 300 K. The temperature of the gas is then increased to 900 K. (i) By what factor does the average kinetic energy of the molecules change, (a) a factor of 9, (b) a factor of 3, (c) a factor of 3, (d) a factor of 1, or (e) a factor of 13? Using the same choices as in part (i), by what factor does each of the following change: (ii) the rms molecular speed of the molecules, (iii) the average momentum change that one molecule undergoes in a collision with one particular wall, (iv) the rate of collisions of molecules with walls, and (v) the pressure of the gas?
A cell doesn’t need a circulatory system, but your body does. Let’s do a quick calculation to see why. A typical cell has a diameter of 10 mm. The smallest mammals in the world, shrews, are about 10 μm across. Compute the diffusion time for oxygen molecules through water at 25°C for these two distances.
Review Conceptual Example 6 before working this problem. For water vapor in air a 293 K, the diffusion constant is D = 2.4 x 10-5 m2/s. As outlined in Problem 51(a), the time required for the first solute molecules to traverse a channel of length L is t = L2/(2D), according to Fick's law. (a) Find the time t for L = 0.0460 m. (b) For comparison, how long would a water molecule take to travel L = 0.0460 m at the translational rms speed of water molecules (assumed to be an ideal gas) at a temperature of 293 K?
A)An ideal gas is confined to a container at a temperature of 330 K.What is the average kinetic energy of an atom of the gas? (Express your answer to two significant figures.) B)2.00 mol of the helium is confined to a 2.00-L container at a pressure of 11.0 atm. The atomic mass of helium is 4.00 u, and the conversion between u and kg is 1 u = 1.661 ××10−27 kg.Calculate vrmsvrms. (Express your answer to three significant figures.) C)A gold (coefficient of linear expansion α=14×10−6K−1α=14×10−6K−1 ) pin is exactly 4.00 cm long when its temperature is 180∘∘C. Find the decrease in long of the pin when it cools to 28.0∘∘C? (Express your answer to two significant figures.)
Estimate the number of atoms in the body of a 50 kg physics student. Note that the human body is mostly water, which has molar mass 18.0 g/mol, and that each water molecule contains three atoms.
Two containers hold ideal gases at the same temperature.Container A has twice the volume and half the number of molecules as container B. What is the ratio PA>PB, where PA is the pressure in container A and PB is the pressure in container B?
Experiments show for a gas at low pressure p (and constant temperature) the rate of change of the volume V(p) equals -V/p. Solve the model.
A sample of an ideal gas is in a tank of constant volume. The sample absorbs heat energy so that its temperature changes from 300 K to 600 K. If v1 is the average speed of the gas molecules before the absorption of heat and v, is their average speed after the absorption of heat, what is the ratio v2/ v1 ?
Some incandescent light bulbs are filled with argon, because it is an inert gas.An argon atom has a mass of 6.63 ×10−26×10-26 kg. What is the rms speed, in meters per second, for argon atoms near the filament, assuming their temperature is 2250 K?
The diffusion coefficient of a particular kind of tRNA molecule is D = 1.0 10−11m2 s−1 in the medium of a cell interior. How long does it take molecules produced in the cell nucleus to reach the walls of the cell at a distance 1.00um, corresponding to the radius of the cells?

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