Proteins and phospholipids rarely exhibit transbilayer movement in membranes without an input of energy. True O False
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- "Although lipid molecules are free to diffuse in the plane of the bilayer, they cannot flip-flop across the bilayer unless enzyme catalysts called phospholipid translocators are present in the membrane", is true or false.DO NOT COPY THE ANSWER FROM THE SAME QUESTION. Sassa, a biology professor, wanted to demonstrate to her students the applicability of a dialyzing membrane (DM) as a model for the cell membrane by enclosing an aqueous solution in a DM bag and immersing in a beaker containing a different solution. Substances available which are permeable to the DM include 0.02 M NaCl, 0.03 M glucose, and 0.01 M glucose. The only substance available which is completely impermeable to the DM is the 0.01 M lactose. Using the substances given and materials such as a beaker, stirring rod, and string, draw ONLY ONE set-up that can be demonstrated by Ms. Sassa that will satisfy ALL of the following conditions:a. No solute will exhibit a net diffusion out of the cell.b. Glucose will exhibit a net diffusion into the cell.c. NaCl will exhibit a zero net d. No net movement of lactose from the inside to outside of the cell. Make sure to label properly the substance inside the beaker and inside the DM bag.Explain the differences in the ease of lateral movement and bilayer translocation movement of phospholipids.
- Which of the following would pass most easily through a cell's membrane by simple diffusion? large hydrophobic molecules O large polar molecules O small charged molccules small non-polar molecules a 梦 メ bpMembrane synthesis in the cell involves the movement of specific of phospholipids to the cytosolic face or non-cytosolic face (also known as extracellular face) of the membrane to achieve their mature distribution. Which enzyme non-selectively moves phospholipids between the two faces of the lipid bilayer? convertases flippases phospholipases scramblases floppasesMacromolecule What kinds of molecules may pass through the cell membrane without the help of transport proteins? O Large and hydrophobic O Small and hydrophobic O Large and hydrophilic O None of the above
- Protein modifications that involve disulfide bonds occur in the following;(there may be more than one answer) golgi endoplasmic reticulum ) chloroplast (plastids) peroxisome mitochondriaPlasma membrane phospholipid asymmetry: O is maintained when vesicles are endocytosed such that the outer leaflets of both structures have an identical composition. requires the activity of scramblase. O is maintained by flippase. O relies on the spontaneous self-organization of lipid components. O is lost when vesicles are formed.What major type of molecule contributes to the formation of the cell membrane and what biochemical properties of this molecule promotes the formation of the membrane? What effect allows this type of molecule to come together to form a bilayer and explain how the effect works? A▾ B I I e 2 2
- Liposomes have long been investigated as drug delivery mechanisms in humans and animals, but only recently have they started to be used clinically in targeted cancer therapies and now, vaccines. Liposomes are simply vesicles with a phospholipid bilayer that contain an inner aqueous compartment. Hydrophilic compounds could be carried in the buffer inside the liposome or hydrophobic drugs within the membrane itself. For instance, the Moderna and Pfizer mRNA vaccines actually use liposome technology to deliver the SARS-CoV-2 spike mRNA to human cells. The liposomes fuse with the plasma membrane allowing the contents of the liposome to enter the cytosol of cells. Of course, once the mRNA is in the cytosol is can be translated to protein on a ribosome. Explain why nucleic acid won’t get through the plasma membrane on its own. Discuss the energetic restrictions to movement through the membraneThe plasma membrane of P. bursaria is about 56%56% protein and 40%40% phospholipid by weight. How many molecules of membrane lipid are present for each molecule of membrane protein? Assume an average protein ?rMr of 4.8×1044.8×104 and an average phospholipid ?rMr of 750.None of the above Which of the following is amphipathic? O Phospholipids. O Integral proteins. Peripheral proteins O Phospholipids and integral proteins zyme ity is the best at: