Macmillan Learning Intestinal epithelial cells pump glucose into the cell against its concentration gradient using the Nat-glucose symporter. The symporter couples the "downhill" transport of two Na+ ions into the cell to the "uphill" transport of glucose into the cell. If the Nat concentration outside the cell is 143 mM and that inside the cell is 17.0 mM, and the membrane potential is -50.0 mV, what is the maximum energy available for pumping a mole of glucose into the cell? Assume the temperature is 37 °C. AGgluc 9.6 x10³ Incorrect kJ mol- What is the maximum ratio of [glucose]in to [glucose Jout that could theoretically be produced if the energy coupling were 100% efficient? 3.0 x 10³ 0.883 3.3 x 10-4 8.00

Intestinal epithelial cells pump glucose into the cell against its concentration gradient using the  Na+– glucose symporter. Recall that the  Na+   concentration is significantly higher outside the cell than inside the cell. The symporter couples the "downhill" transport of two  Na+   ions into the cell to the "uphill" transport of glucose into the cell. If the  Na+   concentration outside the cell  ([Na+]out)   is  163 mM   and that inside the cell  ([Na+]in)   is  21.0 mM,   and the cell potential is  −54.0 mV   (inside negative), calculate the maximum energy available for pumping a mole of glucose into the cell. Assume the temperature is  37 °C.

Intestinal epithelial cells pump glucose into the cell against its concentration gradient using the Na*-glucose symporter. Recall that the Na+ concentration is significantly higher outside the cell than inside the cell. The symporter couples the "downhill" transport of two Na+ ions into the cell to the "uphill" transport of glucose into the cell. If the Na+ concentration outside the cell ([Na* lout) is 147 mM and that inside the cell ([Na+]in) is 17.0 mM, and the cell potential is -54.0 mV (inside negative), calculate the maximum energy available for pumping a mole of glucose into the cell. Assume the temperature is 37 °C. AG gluc kJ mol What is the maximum ratio of [glucose]in to [glucose] out that could theoretically be produced if the energy coupling were 100% efficient? 1.13 2.3 × 10-4 8.36 4300

Intestinal epithelial cells pump glucose into the cell against its concentration gradient using the Na-glucose symporter. Recall that the Na* concentration is significantly higher outside the cell than inside the cell. The symporter couples the "downhill" transport of two Na* ions into the cell to the "uphill" transport of glucose into the cell. If the Nat concentration outside the cell ([Na lout) is 141 mM and that inside the cell ([Na* lin) is 19.0 mM, and the cell potential is -52.0 mV (inside negative), calculate the maximum energy available for pumping a mole of glucose into the cell. Assume the temperature is 37 °C. AGglac 9.63 Incorrect kJ mol What is the maximum ratio of [glucose), to [glucose)out that could theoretically be produced if the energy coupling were 100% efficient? O 2700 1.13 3.7 x 10- 7.90

Calculate the change in Gibbs free energy for transport of Ca2+ from outside to inside the cell. The extracellular Ca2+ concentration is 135 uM, and the intracellular Ca2+ concentration is 98 uM. The membrane potential is -22 mV and the temperature is 37°C. O. -5.1 kJ/mol O 1.2 kJ/mol -410 kJ/mol 3.4 kJ/mol

O Att Intestinal epithelial cells pump glucose into the cell against its concentration gradient using the Nat-glucose symporter. Recall that the Nat concentration is significantly higher outside the cell than inside the cell. The symporter couples the "downhill" transport of two Nat ions into the cell to the "uphill" transport of glucose into the cell. If the Nat concentration outside the cell ([Na lout) is 161 mM and that inside the cell ([Na* Jm) is 17.0 mM, and the cell potential is -50.0 mV (inside negative), calculate the maximum energy available for pumping a mole of glucose into the cell. Assume the temperature is 37 °C. What is the maximum ratio of (glucose] to [glucoselout 10.62 kJ AG gluc mol that could theoretically be produced if the energy Incorrect coupling were 100% efficient? O 1.13 8.24 3800 2.6 x 10 Incorrect

The following table shows experimental results of the glucose transport rate, mM/sec, following facilitated diffusion by glucose carrier proteins. (Recall: the starting conc. L represents glucose added to one side of the membrane; distilled water, omM of glucose was added to the other side of the membrane). The rate of glucose transport was 0.0031 mm/sec with 8mM of glucose (run number 4, highlighted); the rate decreased to 0.0017 mM/sec with 10mM of glucose (run 5, highlighted). Why was the rate of glucose transport slower when the concentration gradient was increased? Experiment Results Run Number Solute 1 1 2 2 3 33 4 4 5 6 6 Na Ch Glucose Na Ch Glucose Na Ch Glucose Nat Ch Glucose Na Ch Glucose Nat Cl Glucose Start Conc. L Start Conc. R (MM) (mM) 0.00 0.00 2.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 8.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 8.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.00 0.00 2.00 0.00 2.00 0.00 Carriers 500 500 500 500 700 700 700 700 100 100 700 700 Rate (mm/sec) 0.0000 0.0008 0.0000 0.0023 0.0000 0.0010…

The sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase, pumps 2 mol Ca2+ out of sarcomeres per mol ATP hydrolyzed. Given the following steady-state concentrations and a membrane potential of 67 mV (inside negative), calculate ΔG for the following active transport process at 37 ∘C and pH=7.4:2Ca2+(in)+ATP+H2O→2Ca2+(out)+ADP+Pi+H+

Uniporters and ion channels support facilitated transport across cellular membranes. Although both are examples of facilitated transport, the rates of ion movement via an ion channel are roughly 104 - to 105 -fold faster than the rates of molecule movement via a uniporter. What key mechanisticdifference results in this large difference in transport rate?What contribution to free energy (ΔG) determines the direction of transport?

Suppose that the concentration of CI outside the cell is 100 and inside the cell is 10 mmol/liter. The Nernst equation at 20°C is: Eton = 58 millivolts/z- [10810 (m)] [lonlin You set the membrane voltage at 0 millivolts using a voltage clamp, and measure membrane current. If Cl is the only ion crossing the membrane, you would expect to see: Onegative charges flowing into the cell negative charges flow out of the cell 0 current the membrane hyperpolarizes (becomes more negative)