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Effects like overshadowing, blocking, occasion setting, and latent inhibition show that a NS won't necessarily become a CS just because it is paired with a US. Our neural system has evolved to be much more clever than that. Instead, conditioning strength will correspond closely to the relative validity of a CS predicting the US in a particular situation (with compound stimuli present). Relative validity refers to which stimulus, among all of those present during our experience, is the best predictor of the US occurring. The best predictor is the one that will acquire conditioning strength. Imagine two drug users (A and B) exhibit the following pattern of use (we can imagine each row corresponding to a series of "conditioning trials", presented in a random intermixed order): User A Music playing + In Bedroom Music playing + In Bedroom Friend present + In Bedroom Friend present + In Bedroom Which stimulus would produce the strongest drug craving CR in user A? Which stimulus in user B? Explain why you think so. User B Music playing + In Bedroom Music playing + In Bedroom Friend present + In Bedroom Friend present + In Bedroom Used drug Used drug No drug use No drug use Used drug No drug use Used drug No drug use would produce the strongest drug craving CR

Effects like overshadowing, blocking, occasion setting, and latent inhibition show that a NS won't necessarily become a CS just because it is paired with a US. Our neural system has evolved to be much more clever than that. Instead, conditioning strength will correspond closely to the relative validity of a CS predicting the US in a particular situation (with compound stimuli present). Relative validity refers to which stimulus, among all of those present during our experience, is the best predictor of the US occurring. The best predictor is the one that will acquire conditioning strength. Imagine two drug users (A and B) exhibit the following pattern of use (we can imagine each row corresponding to a series of "conditioning trials", presented in a random intermixed order): User A Music playing + In Bedroom Music playing + In Bedroom Friend present + In Bedroom Friend present + In Bedroom Which stimulus would produce the strongest drug craving CR in user A? Which stimulus in user B? Explain why you think so. User B Music playing + In Bedroom Music playing + In Bedroom Friend present + In Bedroom Friend present + In Bedroom Used drug Used drug No drug use No drug use Used drug No drug use Used drug No drug use would produce the strongest drug craving CR

Ciccarelli: Psychology_5 (5th Edition)
Ciccarelli: Psychology_5 (5th Edition)
5th Edition
ISBN:9780134477961
Author:Saundra K. Ciccarelli, J. Noland White
Publisher:Saundra K. Ciccarelli, J. Noland White
Chapter1: The Science Of Psychology
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Effects like overshadowing, blocking, occasion setting, and latent inhibition show that a NS won't necessarily become a CS just because it is paired with a US. Our neural system has evolved to be much more clever than that. Instead, conditioning strength will correspond closely to the relative validity of a CS predicting the US in a particular situation (with compound stimuli present). Relative validity refers to which stimulus, among all of those present during our experience, is the best predictor of the US occurring. The best predictor is the one that will acquire conditioning strength. Imagine two drug users (A and B) exhibit the following pattern of use (we can imagine each row corresponding to a series of "conditioning trials", presented in a random intermixed order): User A Music playing + In Bedroom Music playing + In Bedroom Friend present + In Bedroom Friend present + In Bedroom Which stimulus would produce the strongest drug craving CR in user A? Which stimulus in user B? Explain why you think so. User B Music playing + In Bedroom Music playing + In Bedroom Friend present + In Bedroom Friend present + In Bedroom Used drug Used drug No drug use No drug use Used drug No drug use Used drug No drug use would produce the strongest drug craving CR
Transcribed Image Text:Effects like overshadowing, blocking, occasion setting, and latent inhibition show that a NS won't necessarily become a CS just because it is paired with a US. Our neural system has evolved to be much more clever than that. Instead, conditioning strength will correspond closely to the relative validity of a CS predicting the US in a particular situation (with compound stimuli present). Relative validity refers to which stimulus, among all of those present during our experience, is the best predictor of the US occurring. The best predictor is the one that will acquire conditioning strength. Imagine two drug users (A and B) exhibit the following pattern of use (we can imagine each row corresponding to a series of "conditioning trials", presented in a random intermixed order): User A Music playing + In Bedroom Music playing + In Bedroom Friend present + In Bedroom Friend present + In Bedroom Which stimulus would produce the strongest drug craving CR in user A? Which stimulus in user B? Explain why you think so. User B Music playing + In Bedroom Music playing + In Bedroom Friend present + In Bedroom Friend present + In Bedroom Used drug Used drug No drug use No drug use Used drug No drug use Used drug No drug use would produce the strongest drug craving CR
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