increase in permeability to K+ increase in permeability to Cl- decrease in permeability to Ca2+ and Na+ A. and B. above * A., B., and C. above Based on the attached figure (Figure 9.8 in the textbook), what is the actual membrane mechanism mediating the light-induced hyperpolarization of a photoreceptor? (A) Dark Rod outer segment CGMP 0 CGMP CGMP CGMP K+ Rod inner segment Inside Obelecendra EX Ca²+ Na+ Outside Na+ influx, K+ efflux: Depolarization (B) Light Rod outer segment LIELITI CGMP reduced Rod inner segment Ca2+ Na Inside Outside Reduced Na+ influx, K* efflux: Hyperpolarization

increase in permeability to K+ increase in permeability to Cl- decrease in permeability to Ca2+ and Na+ A. and B. above * A., B., and C. above Based on the attached figure (Figure 9.8 in the textbook), what is the actual membrane mechanism mediating the light-induced hyperpolarization of a photoreceptor? (A) Dark Rod outer segment CGMP 0 CGMP CGMP CGMP K+ Rod inner segment Inside Obelecendra EX Ca²+ Na+ Outside Na+ influx, K+ efflux: Depolarization (B) Light Rod outer segment LIELITI CGMP reduced Rod inner segment Ca2+ Na Inside Outside Reduced Na+ influx, K* efflux: Hyperpolarization

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter41: Sensory Systems

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 7TYK: Which of the following events does not occur during light absorption in the vertebrate eye? The...

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Transduction of a stimulus usually causes depolarization of a sensory receptor. a.)In most receptors, what is the chemical basis for this depolarization (that is, what is the specific mechanism for the change)?b.)How is a photoreceptor different from other receptors in terms of its membrane potential? c.) Explain how photoreceptors in the light can lead to excitation of some bipolar cells and inhibition of others
With what cells do photoreceptors form synapses?
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What statement is true regarding the retinal pigment epithelium? Cells in the PE are the site of phototransduction Cells in the PE signal between rods and bipolar cells Cells in the PE have enzymes that convert the light-sensitive photopigments back to a useable form Cells in the PE send their axons out of the retina
Describe phototransduction in detail, comparing this process both in the dark and in the light. For each cell involved in phototransduction, discuss what ion channels may be open/close and why they are open/close, whether the cell is hyperpolarized or depolarized, what cause it to hyperpolarize or depolarize, whether the cell releases any neurotransmitters, and whether graded potential or action potential is generated in each cell.
Describe the functions of the four photoreceptorproteins in human vision.