ay (05.04 HC) The phylogenetic tree below depicts the evolutionary relationships of the following spe Present time 10 million years ago 20 million years ago 30 million years ago H I M .......... G N F E D J K C 00 B A Part 1: Use this image to describe the relationship between H, F, and D, including how c common ancestor for these species. Part 2: Using the above image, estimate how long ago the common ancestor for H, F, an

ay (05.04 HC) The phylogenetic tree below depicts the evolutionary relationships of the following spe Present time 10 million years ago 20 million years ago 30 million years ago H I M .......... G N F E D J K C 00 B A Part 1: Use this image to describe the relationship between H, F, and D, including how c common ancestor for these species. Part 2: Using the above image, estimate how long ago the common ancestor for H, F, an

Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)

15th Edition

ISBN:9781337408332

Author:Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr

Publisher:Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr

Chapter18: Organizing Information About Species

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 16SQ: Match the terms with the most suitable description. ______ phylogeny a. similar across many taxa...

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To construct a phylogenetic tree by applying the principles of parsimony to molecular sequence data, one would: a. start by making assumptions about variations in the rates atwhich different DNA segments evolve. b. group together organisms that share the largest number ofancestral sequences. c. group together organisms that share derived sequences, matching the groups to those defined by morphologicalcharacters. d. group together organisms that share derived sequences, minimizing the number of hypothesized evolutionarychanges. e. identify derived sequences by studying the embryology of theorganisms.
nolhlond to sonsblud mont sqrienols What's More Activity 3. Deepening The Concepts Directions: Answer the following questions. 1. How does (a) relative dating and (b) absolute/radioactive dating determine the age of fossils? 2. How does embryology provide evidence for evolution? 3. How do homologous and vestigial structures provide evidence for evolution? 4. What could be possible for some species belonging to the same family to be presently living in various locations on Earth? You can further support your answer with an example. Scoring Rubric 4 noints ints
The phylogenetic tree to the right showsthe evolutionary relationships of taxa A –H. The shapes represent character statetrait changes. A. Which traits (shapes) would individualsin taxa D have? Draw the collection oftraits. B. Is the triangle a synapomorphy orpleisomorphy (circle one)? C. Is the circle a synapomorphy orsympleisomorphy (circle one)?
Materials When constructing this phylogenetic tree, several different options were possible. The tree with the least number of evolutionary changes is the one that was chosen as most probable. What is this called?* pdates rades embers nferences Q Online vsela gizzard don see UV Ilght subdermal fat stores y Periods 1 and 2 meriods ol MP1, Highschool school MP3, l MP4 amniotic egg 4 limbs + lungs Least parsimony ys "ed Thu Fri Modern synthesis Temporal equilibrium Maximum parsimony O O O O lungfish
1. (a) inferred phylogeny of a set of DNA sequences Molecular phylogenetics Molecular evolution Molecular clock Evolutionary Signatures (b) derives its power from the distinctive evolutionary patterns Molecular phylogenetics Molecular evolution Molecular clock Evolutionary Signatures
n 12 12 of 25 Scientific evidence documents the pattern of evolution. The evidence exists in a variety of categories, including direct observation of evolutionary change, the fossil record, homology, and biogeography. Sort the following examples into the correct categories. Drag each phrase to the appropriate bin. > View Available Hint(s) Reset Help same genetic code in fireflies and tobacco plants similarities in mammalian forelimbs development of drug resistance in bacteria discovery of transitional forms of horses similarity of endemic island species to nearby mainland species vestigial pelvis in right whales discovery of shells of extinct species the high concentration of marsupial species in Australia biogeography direct observation of evolutionary change fossil record homology P Pearson 12:06 PM EX home um ik T Y U home enter 4. B shift end alt ctrl 144
a. Phylogenetic relationships based on chloroplast genes Brown algae Diatoms Most photosynthetic dinoflagellates Cryptophyte algae Red algae Red algae Green algae Euglenids Green algae Chlorarachniophyte algae Green algae Green algae Green algae Green algae Land plants Glaucocystophytes Cyanobacteria b. Phylogenetic relationships based on nuclear genes Opisthokonts Amoebozoans Glaucocystophytes Red algae Green algae (including land plants) Cryptophyte algae 140000 Diatoms Brown algae Dinoflagellates Chlorarachniophyte algae Chloroplast genes relate brown algae, diatoms, most dinoflagellates, and cryptophyte algae to red algae, which is different from the relationships based on nuclear genes shown in part b. -Excavates Chloroplast genes relate euglenids and chlorarachniophyte algae to green algae, which is different from the relationships based on nuclear genes shown in part b. Chloroplasts form a monophyletic group nested within cyanobacteria, providing strong evidence for the…
Michael Bunce and his colleagues in England, Canada, and theUnited States extracted and sequenced mitochondrial DNA from fossilsof Haast’s eagle, a gigantic eagle that was driven to extinction 700 yearsago when humans first arrived in New Zealand (M. Bunce et al. 2005.PLOS Biology 3:44–46). Using mitochondrial DNA sequences fromliving eagle species and those from Haast’s-eagle fossils, they createdthe accompanying phylogenetic tree. On this phylogenetic tree, identify(a) all nodes; (b) one example of a branch; and (c) the outgroup.
In a cladogram, each node represents a(n) _______ . a. single lineage b. extinction c. common ancestor d. adaptive radiation
Practice Portfolio Activity, Part 1 Five species of Xenite-an imaginary animal-have been found on a planet in another solar system. Based on the order of the rock layers in which fossils were found, species A appears to be the oldest and probably the most primitive. There is no evidence to support the relative age of the other species of Xenite. A в с Be the evolutionary biologist, and complete the following activities to build a cladogram of Xenites. a. spines b. eyestalks c. tail D d. mouth 1. Create a table noting which species of Xenite has each characteristic below, marking each as yes or no. E 2. Study your table, and figure out the order of evolution of each character. You have been given reason to believe that, based on the fossil record, Xenite A is the ancestral species. For the Xenites, consider what appear to be homologies and analogies. Create your cladogram for the Xenites. You may upload a picture of a drawing of your table and your tree using the image box.
1. (a) The apparently constant rate of change Molecular phylogenetics Molecular evolution Molecular clock Evolutionary Signatures (b) The use of comparative genomics to infer evolutionary relationships among species Molecular phylogenetics Molecular evolution Molecular clock Evolutionary Signatures
These (1) are remnants of what was once useful to the ancestors of the species. Furthermore, we can infer from the distribution of related species across the Earth the connections between ancient landmasses. Finally, through (2) evidence found in the DNA, we have observed conserved genes and traceable mutations that tell us the phylogenetic relationships of life on earth.