A 10-year-old boy rapidly develops hypoglycemia after moderate activity. Blood examination reveals raised levels of ketone bodies, lactic acid, and triglycerides. On examination, the liver and kidneys are found to be enlarged. Histopathology of the liver shows deposits of glycogen in an excess amount. What is the diagnosis?
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- Write the clinical features of Non ketotic hyperglycinemia.the adolescent who eats only packaged canned goods to the exclusion of fresh produce will son manifest a deficiency of (Cholecalciferol, folic acid, ascorbic acid or beta- carotene)?Compare the signs of diabetic ketoacidosisand hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketoticcoma.
- In healthy adults, the concentration of glucose in blood is approximately80 to 110 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dl). After a carbohydrate-richmeal, however, the concentration may spike to 140 mg/dl. Describe thehormonal action that returns blood glucose to normal.List all the inborn errors of Carbohydrate metabolism. Explain their pathophysiologiesA 35-year-old woman became severely depressed after the sudden death of her husband. Twomonths later, she was brought to the emergency room by her friend because of extremeweakness and lethargy. She appeared thin and pale. Upon history taking, the doctor found thatshe had not eaten for several weeks. Analysis of the plasma sample indicated elevated levels ofalanine, acetoacetate, β-hydroxybutyrate and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). However, her plasmaglucose concentration was low (55mg/dL). She was hospitalized, given intravenous feeding,antidepressant medications and subsequently shifted to a 1800kCal (7500kJ) diet. Her recoverywas uneventful.3.a) How could the patient maintain her plasma glucose levels within normal limits even though shewas not eating?b
- A client with Type 1 diabetes mellitus is admitted to the hospital in a semi-conscious state with fever, nausea, and vomiting. The urine sample was positive for ketone bodies. Which of the following statements regarding the client is correct? Question 80 options: a) Glucagon should be administered to stimulate glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in the liver b) An injection of insulin will decrease ketone-body production c) The client should be started on a glucose infusion to help them regain consciousness d) The client's blood glucose level is well below 4.4 mmol/LType 1 diabetes mellitus (unlike type 2 diabetes mellitus) is often discovered when a person suffers from the sudden occurrence of ketoacidosis. Why do the two diseases differ in this respect?In people with diabetes mellitus Type 1, explain the reason for:(a) ketoacidosis, and (b) ketonuria.
- Describe three signs that would help differentiatesomeone with hypoglycemia from someone with diabeticketoacidosis.Explain how excessive ketone bodies may form in the following: During starvation In patients with diabetes mellitusindicate the reason for the increase in the activity of pancreatic amylase and lipase in the blood of patients and how the activity of these enzymes will change with the timely administration of gabexat or ulinastatin (intravenous, drip) and why?