1. Determine what is being meant by each statements: a. It describes mRNA that results in a single translation of several genes at a time. b. This guides the newly formed polypeptide/protein to the endoplasmic reticulum for further processing c. Nucleotide sequences resulting in stem loop structures in the mRNA , and subsequent falling off of the RNA polymerase from the mRNA strand.

1. Determine what is being meant by each statements: a. It describes mRNA that results in a single translation of several genes at a time. b. This guides the newly formed polypeptide/protein to the endoplasmic reticulum for further processing c. Nucleotide sequences resulting in stem loop structures in the mRNA , and subsequent falling off of the RNA polymerase from the mRNA strand.

Biology (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781337392938

Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Publisher:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Chapter13: Gene Expression

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 11TYU

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1. Identify the term being asked by the statement: a. It describes mRNA that results in a single translation of several genes at a time. b. It guides the newly formed polypeptide/protein to the endoplasmic reticulum for further processing c. These are Nucleotide sequences resulting in stem loop structures in the mRNA , and subsequent falling off of the RNA polymerase from the mRNA strand. d. It is a A secondary structure in proteins where the amino acid chains aligned side-by-side with every other chain situated opposite the other, with chains being held together by hydrogen bonds
1. True or false for these statements: a. ubiquitin molecule signals that a protein is ready to be transported to the endoplasmic reticulum b. In the ribosome during translation, the incoming tRNA will transfer its amino acid to the outgoing tRNA c.Folding of nascent or new proteins occurs after the full-length polypeptide chain has been separated from the ribosome after translation d. A signal peptide may or may not be degraded once it has guided the polypeptide to the endoplasmic reticulum
1. What mRNA sequence does the following DNA template sequence produce? DNA 3'-TAC mRNA: 5¹- GTATAATTGACATTTGATCTTATGACT-5' Write out the one letter code for this peptide then produced by this mRNA upon translation: peptide: N- -3'
First Position (5'-end) U C A U UUU Phe UUC Phe UUA Leu UUG Leu G CUU Leu CUC Leu CUA Leu CUG Leu AUU Ile AUC Ile AUA Ile AUG* Met GUU Val GUC Val GUA Val GUG Val с UCU UCC UCA UCG Ser Second Position A CCU Pro CCC Pro CCA Pro CCG Pro ACU ACC Ser Ser Ser Thr Thr ACA Thr ACG Thr GCU GCC Ala Ala GCA Ala GCG Ala *AUG also serves as the principal initiation codon. G UAU Tyr UGU UAC Tyr UGC UAA Stop UGA UAG Stop UGG CAU His CAC His CAA Gln CAG Gln AAU Asn AAC Asn AAA AAG GAU Asp GAC Asp GAA Glu GAG Glu CGU Arg CGC Arg CGA Arg CGG Arg Lys AGA Lys AGG Cys Cys Stop Trp AGU Ser AGC Ser GGU GGC Arg Arg Gly Gly GGA Gly GGG Gly Third Position (3'-end) DOAG DOAG U C U C DOAG DOAG U C U C
a. Use the parent strand as a template to synthesize mRNA strand. Describe how the mRNA strand is generated and regulated. Indicate the direction of synthesis. b. Synthesize a polypeptide from the mRNA.
Correct regarding transcript processing: (A) Influences the amount and kinds of MRNA assembled from structural genes B Nuclear envelope selectively regulates passage of transcripts Phosphorylation of translated protein D Snipping out of transcript regions; chemical modification of transcript before it arrives at ribosome control
1. Using the genetic code, determine the sequence of amino acids encoded by the mRNA codocn sequence 5' GCC-AUG-GUA-AAA-UGC-GAC-CCC 3' 2. Using the genetic code, determine the sequence of amino acids encoded by the mRNA codocn sequence 5' CAU-CCU-CAC-ACU-GUU-UGU-UGG 3'
a. Show (on the image) 3 steps that must be taken to produce a mature mRNA molecule from this pre- mRNAb. Place an arrow at the 5’ end of intron 2. (splice site).
2. Consider the pre-mRNA molecule shown below. Re-order the events listed, in the sequence they would occur during pre-mRNA processing in eukaryotes. Pre-MRNA Exon 1 Intron Exon 2 Pre-MRNA processing MRNA Exon1 Exon 2 AAAAA 3 Export to cytoplasm Translation Recognition and binding the 3' AAUAAA sequence by specific proteins Attachment of snRNP U1 to the 5' splice site Formation of a bond between the guanine in the 5' splice site and the adenine of the branch point Binding of the snRNP U4, U5 and U6 complex to the spliceosome Addition of the 5' cap Release of the intron as a lariat structure and splicing of exon 1 and 2 Addition of the poly(A) tail Binding of snRNP U2 to the branch point Cleavage at the poly (A) site
1. Identify the name of the correct amino acid that corresponds to the correct tRNA codon and mRNA codon. State the process used to convert to mRNA and tRNA.
All of the following are true regarding mRNA processing except: O a. It occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell O b. It includes cutting out introns and joining exons together c. It includes adding 5' cap O d. It includes adding 3 poly-A tail
3. The DNA sequence of a gene coding for a short polypeptide is TACGCTAGGCGATIGACT. What would be the base sequence of the mRNA transcribed from this gene? Using the genetic code table provided, give the amino acid sequence of the polypeptide translated from this mRNA. (Hint: transcribe the DNA into RNA then translate the RNA into an amino acid!) First letter U $ 4 C U UUU UUC J UUA UUGJ CUU CUC CUA CUG G Phe Leu Leu AUU AUC lle A AUA AUG Met GUU GUC GUA GUG UCU UCC UCA UCG Val Second letter C CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU ACC ACA ACG GCU GCC GCA GCG 5 B de LO % Ser Pro Thr T Ala A CAC His CAA CAG} Gin UA COCO Tyr UAA Stop UGA Stop A UAG Stop UGG Trp G AAU {U} Asn AAC AAA GAUT GACJ GAAT GAGJ I Asp Glu G UGU Cys UGC. 6 CGU CGC CGA CGG AAG LYS AGA Arg AGGJ AGU AGC. GGU GGC GGA GGG IC Arg Ser Gly U Y SYSC U GYSC с SCAO U G MCAO Third letter => & 7 U 8 BEEEEEEE 9