Topic 1
Earth’s vegetation and animal life are all part of an intricate “web” of essential relations in which both cannot survive without the other. According to Campbell’s Biology textbook, The transfer of food energy up the trophic levels is referred to as a food chain. This chain usually begins with plants, (primary producers), then herbivores, (primary consumers), to carnivores (secondary, tertiary and quaternary consumers), and finally decomposers. When one part of the chain is low in population, the species above it are likely to be negatively affected and will likely drop in population as well. In order to show how delicate this web is, and how human activity has affected this system, Carson describes a small food chain in which sagebrush
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According to Silent Spring, the United States Office of Plant Introduction has introduced about 200,000 species of plants from around the world, and almost half of the 180 major insect enemies of plants are accidental imports. According to Campbell’s Biology Textbook, these imported animals are known as invasive species, organisms that become established outside their native range. Carson states that often when a species is brought to an area they are not native to, the lack of natural enemies causes the species to become dominant and extremely abundant. These invasions are likely to be permanent, however as a way to “buy time” humans have turned to quarantine and massive chemical campaigns, instead of trying to prevent new invasions. As Carson continuously stresses chemical use can have unwanted consequences and she urges people to use the basic knowledge of animal populations and their relations to their surroundings and other species to prevent them from becoming overly dominate. For example, according to Campbell’s textbook, higher diversity communities are more often resistant to invasive species because the species is less likely to dominate over the native species. This was proven by scientists working in Long Island Sounds off the Coast of Connecticut created communities of different diversity consisting of sessile marine invertebrates, and examined how vulnerable the experimental communities were to an invasive species: the exontic tunicate. They found the tunicate was four times more likely to survive in lower diversity communities than higher diversity communities. It was concluded the diverse communities captured more of the resources available, leaving fewer resources for the invader. It is firmly believed by Carson that people should do much more simple research before transferring a foreign species to a new habitat to not only prevent a
What is the function of ribosomes? What are their two components? Ribosomes are the cellular components that carry out protein synthesis. Their two components are a large subunit and a small subunit.
11. Define the following: Genetic drift: unpredictable fluctuations in allele frequencies, reduces genetic variation over time through such losses of alleles
Biology 102 introduces students to the concept of evolution, the principles of evolution, natural selection, and major kingdoms of living things organisms. My major is nursing and taking this course is a prerequisite and is required for my major. Taking Biology courses will help me be better knowledgeable in my chosen field. I took biology 101 last semester and we learned about cell and organisms. These are fundamentals things that someone who plans to have a career in the healthcare field needs to know. Also these courses are prerequisites for other science courses I have to take such as microbiology, human anatomy and physiology. As a future nurse these are information that will come in handy everyday. I have three years left in my undergraduate study and more
3a. Body more than five times as long as broad; front edge of dorsal fin far
3. State the name and structure of the functional group for each type of biologically
* Palindromic: cut at the same base sequence on each strand, but in the opposite direction
My sisters and I love to go shopping, we then have lunch together when we’re done
My academic career is based on the sciences, especially chemistry and biology. Throughout my childhood, I have been greatly exposed to the sciences. My mother was a nurse practitioner in a rural clinic, which was connected to our house. Consequently, the clinic became my playground and the stethoscopes became my toys. Therefore, I was always interested in how the body worked and what affected our health.
The skunk squirts a nasty fluid on its predator which can: Blind the predator/Paralyse the predator.
According to our biology book, “there are several elements (water, oxygen, carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus) that cycle through our world just like energy is cycled. These elements are never created or destroyed, but instead they are constantly recycled and reused.” Various human activities can hamper/benefit these cycles. Two of the cycles and how they are benefited and adversely affected by human activities are explained below.
I am interested in environmental studies as a potential major and want to learn more about this field in a professional setting. Through my Human Evolution, Environmental Science, and AP Biology courses, I have become familiar with ecology and evolution. While the Community-Based Ecology in the Galápagos project looks at these fields from a philosophical standpoint, it will provide me with practical experience and invaluable insights as I decide my major and future career path
Select one (1) article from a magazine or newspaper that has something in it that pertains to biology. This will serve as the “target article” for this assignment. For instance, you can select an article about medicine, invasive species, nature, conservation, genetic technology, ecology, or any other topic that is related to biology. One purpose of this assignment is to help you become aware of how biology is related to your everyday life.
1.) My hypothesis that the insects would be most repelled by the lemon plant extract was not supported. Our key findings in the experiment do not support my hypothesis because the lemon had a 60% repulsion response and was the second most repulsive behind orange with a 70% repulsion response. Although the Earthworms were repelled by the lemon plant extract, they were more so repelled by the orange plant extract. 2.)
Figure 1. shows the average leaf mass decomposition rate for invasive species leaves and native species leaves Results Explanation – In the experiment, we found that the invasive species leaves have a isopods faster decomposition rate than the native species leaves. The treatment used in the experiment differentiated only where the 1 gram (each) of the two different types of leaves were used. At the end of the experiment, the leaves had little to no moisture left to them and the 2 isopods were dead. Discussion – 1)
According to Van Driesche, nonnative species are more likely to establish if they invade habitats with lowered biotic resistance, encounter prey with poorly developed mechanisms of self-defense, or invade habitats unaccompanied by their specialized natural enemies or when their invasion is facilitated by earlier invaders (2000). Damage to these communities, then, can be seen both in cumulative effects and in a cycle of self-reinforcement. Although pristine environments are still at risk from invasion, this positive feedback loop makes habitats already with a disturbance by exotics even more vulnerable to other invasions.