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What are the metabolites secreted by the following:
1. Halobacterium salinarum
2. Metallosphaera sedula
3. Lactobacillus acidophilus
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- Consider a gram-negative pathogen isolated from marine mammals. This pathogen is subjected to a series of tests and found to have the following characteristics: oxidase-positive, does not hydrolyze urea, produces indole, does not produce acetoin. Which of the following could it be? O Pasteurella mulocida O Klebsiella pneumoniae O Yersinia enterocolitical O Mannheimia haemolyticaSelect all statements that are true regarding members of the genus Mycobacterium. O They contain mycolic acids O They can cause tuberculosis O One species causes tuberculosis O They are proteobactria O They are practically impenetrable by antibiotics O Their cell walls lack peptidoglycan O They are easy and fast to grow under laboratory conditionsThe Helicobacter pylori protobacteria cause peptic ulceration by producing: asap
- Describe three unique qualities of Mycobacterium because of the presence of mycolic acid 1:a00g0g they causeWhy does Helicobacter pylori cause ulceractions in the lining of the Stomach? 1)The microbes secrete a toxin that prevents the host from detecting invasion of the microbe and thus allows it to thrive in the stomach and damage the host cells. 2)After invasion of the microbe in the cells lining the stomach, they are no longer able to produce mucous to protect the host cells from acid erosion 3)The microbe produces an enzyme that causes the cell to produce potent digestive enzymes that erode the stomach lining. 4)Once the microbe has entered the stomach, it releases digestive enzymes that degrade the mucous secreting cells.Which of the following bacterial species is considered normal flora of the mouth? O 1) Streptococcus mutans 2) Escherichia coli 3) Klebsiella pneumoniae 4) Staphylococcus epidermidis
- Provide picture of the following microorganisms: 1. a. Cyst form (Early stage) of Escherichia coli b Adult form of Escherichia coli 2. a. Cyst form (Early stage) of Salmonella sp. b Adult form of Salmonella sp. 3. a. Cyst form (Early stage) of Neisseria gonorrhoeae b Adult form of Neisseria gonorrhoeae 4. a. Cyst form (Early stage) of Clostridium tetani b Adult form of Clostridium tetaniThe general public takes for granted the link between an infectious agent and a given infection Discuss the requirements established by Koch, the nineteenth-century German scientist, before ascertaining, for instance, that Helicobacter pylori bacterium is the cause of the gastric ulcer. Why is it so essential to meet these conditions?What drugs would you recommend for Tetanus treatment? Explain the mechanism of action of the toxin from Clostridium botulinum. How this mechanism can be used for clinical and cosmetic purposes, including treatment of facial wrinkles?
- Give the distinctive characteristics of the following: Mycobacterium Escherichia MicrococcusAll of the following pertain to listeriosis, except 1) intrauterine infection usually results in fetal death. 2) enterotoxin of the organism causes symptoms. 3) it causes a serious septicemia and meningitis in the elderly, immunocompromised, and infants. U 4) it causes symptoms of fever, diarrhea, and sore throat. 5) adequate pasteurization and thorough cooking of food can improve prevention.Bacteria that are obligate intracellular pathogens of humans are considered to be Autotrophs Heterotrophs Photosynthetic Hyperthermophiles Chemolithotrophs Which of the following statements best describes the pathogenesis of Clostridium botulinum? It elaborates an exotoxin that is a lecithinase that causes tissue necrosis. It elaborates a toxin that suppresses the release of inhibitory neurotransmitters. It produces a polysaccharide capsule that inhibits phagocytosis and contributes to invasion of the central nervous system. It elaborates a toxin that inhibits the release of acetylcholine at cholinergic synapses. It produces a leukotoxin that leads to abscess formation.