Homocystinuria is caused by a defect in cystathionine beta-synthase (or 13-synthase), which leads to an accumulation of homocysteine in the blood. This accumulation causes symptoms such as a tall, thin frame, flushed cheeks, and osteoporosis (thinning of the bones). These individuals should limit their intake of proteins that contain methionine, such as egg whites. Using your understanding of biochemistry, explain why people with Homocystinuria should not consume egg whites and other such proteins.

Q: Write a balanced equation for the synthesis of TMP from dUMP that is coupled to the conversion of…

A: Biomolecules are organic molecules that occur in living systems. Biomolecules include carbohydrates,…

Q: Which step in lipid metabolism would you expect to be affected by 3,4-dihydroxybutyl-1-phosphonic…

A: Lipid metabolism is the synthesis and degradration of lipids in cells, involving the breakdown or…

Q: Why are the protein-digesting enzymes trypsin and chymotrypsin secreted as the zymogen…

A: The pancreas is made of pancreatic exocrine cells. The ducts are arranged in clusters, these cells…

Q: How do germinating seeds convert their triacylglycerol reserves to the glucose molecules required in…

A: Triacylglycerols are commonly located in the endosperm or cotyledon tissue of the seeds.…

Q: Three amino acids that donate amine groups for the purine biosynthesis are a) Glycine, glutamine,…

A: Purines are heterocyclic aromatic compound of carbon and nitrogen and forms nucleotides that in turn…

Q: provide two reasons why cholesterol is important in the body?

A: Sterols are the compounds that do not contain fatty acids, but they have fat like properties. Each…

Q: One example of a stage 2 reaction in the heterotrophic breakdown of food molecules is:

A: Introduction: The breakdown of food into small molecules to get absorbed by the body is known as…

Q: Glucose has been found to react nonenzymatically with hemoglobin, through Schiff base formation…

A: Diabetes is a condition that impairs the body's ability to process blood glucose, otherwise known as…

Q: glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH

A: Oxidative deamination of Glutamate: The only amino acid in mammalian tissues undergoing oxidative…

Q: Explain why the CIS form is the predominant confiiguration of unsaturated fatty acids?

A: Fatty acids contain a carboxylic group attached to a long hydrocarbon chain. The hydrocarbon chain…

Q: Alkaptonuria is a rare organic aciduria involving a deficiency in homogentistic acid oxidase…

A: Alkaptonuria: It is a very rare metabolic disorder characterized by homogentisic acid accumulation…

Q: In acute lymphoblastic leukemia, the cancerous white blood cells typically lack the enzyme…

A: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is a cancer present in the lymphoid line of blood cells, which is…

Q: Hydroxyurea has been shown to increase the expression of fetal hemoglobin in adult red blood cells,…

A: Sickle cell anemia is the disorder in which abnormality in oxygen carrying hemoglobin present in red…

Q: Briefly discuss why each of the three common forms of galactosemia involves impaired utilization of…

A: Galactosemia is defined as a disorder that affects the body processes a sugar called galactose in…

Q: List the four fat-soluble vitamins. Why is excess consumption of three of these vitamins of concern?

A: The vitamins are the organic molecules that are essential micronutrients needed by organism in…

Q: Individuals with phenylketonuria must avoid dietary phenylalanine because they are unable to convert…

A: Phenylketonuria eventually leads to an accumulation of phenylketonuria, which can cause mental…

Q: What is phenylketonuria? Discuss its occurrence, symptoms if any, treatments if there are, and any…

A: The pattern of inheritance of a condition caused by a recessive faulty gene copy located on an…

Q: How many high-energy phosphates are generated or consumed in converting (a) 1 mole of glucose to…

A: The phosphate-phosphate bonds formed when compounds such as adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and…

Q: What does this important observation imply about the relation between the amino acid sequence of…

A: Protein function is directly related to the structure of that protein. A protein's specific shape…

Q: A clinical test sometimes used to diagnose folate deficiency or B12 deficiency is a histidine…

A: Folic acid is a type of vitamin B. When there isn't enough, it can result in an insufficient number…

Q: Amino acids that degrade, yielding acetyl-CoA or acetoacetylCoA, are referred to as…

A: The strategy of amino acid degradation is to transform the carbon skeletons into major metabolic…

Q: Is the formation of the acyl-enzyme complex a unimolecular (SN1) or biomolecular(SN2) reaction?

A: The most significant difference between a ketone/aldehyde and a carboxylic acid derivative is that…

Q: After being stabilized with supplemental oxygen, a blood transfusion, and medication to help with…

A: Hydroxyurea: It is a class of antimetabolites.  This class of drug is used to treat cancer. It is a…

Q: It is important to note that galactose is an important component of glyco- proteins. What is the…

A: Galactose is a hexose differing from glucose only by the hydroxyl group configuration at the…

Q: Can an amino acid be both glucogenic and ketogenic? Explain why or why not.

A: The the amino acid is the basic subunit of the protein, which helps to form protein functional…

Q: Gout is characterized by elevated uric acid concentrations in blood and urine due to a variety of…

A: Allopurinol has two rings of which one is a pyrazole ring and the other is a pyrimidine ring. It…

Q: Name the anabolic pathway that synthesizes fatty acids.

A: Fatty acid synthesis is the important anabolic pathway in most organisms which involves de novo…

Q: Identify the regulatory processes in cholesterol synthesis.

A: Cholesterol is considered the major sterol present in animal tissue. It is present in the animal…

Q: A seven-residue peptide was found to have an amino acid composition including glu, val, Lys, met,…

A: phenyl thiohydantoin (PTH)- amino acid derivative  The sequence of amino acid for heptapeptide…

Q: A glycogen polymer and an amylopectin polymer, each containing 100 monosaccharide subunits, are…

A: Amylopectin and glucogen are examples of branched polysaccharides.

Q: The disease beriberi, which results from a dietary deficiency of vitamin B1 (thiamine), is…

A: Macronutrients and micronutrients are two different types of nutrition. Macronutrients include the…

Q: Explain, why high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol is known as the "good" cholesterol?

A: Cholesterol is a fat-like substance found in our blood, that is required to build up healthy cells.…

Q: An increase in HDACS can lead to which of the following?

A: Ans - D) All of the above Chromatin's fundamental structure is known as nucleosome and it consists…

Q: Amino acids that degrade yielding acetyl-CoA or acetoacetyl-CoA are referred to as _____________.

A: Amino acids are the monomers for protein synthesis but amino acid degradation transforms the carbon…

Q: A glycolytic intermediate may be used to make the glycerol 3-phosphate necessary for the production…

A: The Glucose is a main source of energy in practically all living things. Glycolysis breaks down…

Q: Which folate structure (from the list below)(a) is the substrate for the enzyme that is inhibited by…

A: Note: Since you have posted a question with multiple subparts, we will solve the first three…

Q: Normal cells die in a nutrient medium containing thymidine and methotrexate, whereas mutant cells…

A: Methotrexate is a chemotherapy agent which is used to treat cancer, autoimmune diseases, ectopic…

Q: A congenital defect in the liver enzyme fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase resultsin abnormally high levels…

A: Bisphosphatase is an enzyme that converts fructose-1,6 bisphosphate to fructose 6-phosphate in…

Q: Explain why people with a hereditary deficiency of carnitine acyltransferase II have muscle…

A: Carnitine acyltransferase II is a mitochondrial membrane protein which is transported mitochondrial…

Q: Show the complete reaction mechanism for the deamination of alanine until the amino group is…

A: The deamination of the alanine amino acid takes place with the help of the transaminase enzyme to…

Q: What are the physiochemical properties of terazosin? With illustration

A: Terazosin is a commonly used medication in case of enlarged prostate to relax muscles of the…

Q: In a paragraph form, provide the experimental procedures in removal of the carbon dioxide present in…

A: Proteins are composed of amino acids in which amine group of one amino acid linked to carboxyl group…

Q: If both cysteine residues on the B chain of insulin were changes to alanine        residues, how…

A: Insulin is made up of two chains A chain and B chain. Both the chains are linked together by two…

Q: What is the effect of the cholesterol diet on the amount of HMGCoA reductase protein?

A: Cholesterol is a compound which consist of cyclic ring and it is essential component which is…

Q: If acetyl-CoA containing radiolabeled carbons in the acetyl group was used to synthesize leucine,…

A: Amino acids are biosynthesized from the intermediates of glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle or the…

Q: Glucose has been found to react nonenzymatically with hemoglobin, through Schiff base formation…

A: Glucose :  It is a simple carbohydrate or sugar. It is one of several kinds of sugars. It is…

Q: By what the two polypeptides of human insulin are linked together?

A: Insulin is peptide hormone secreted by pancreatic cells that is responsible for reduction of blood…

Q: What complication could arise from the biological synthesis of ceramide?

A: * ceramides composed of sphingosine and fatty acid. * They are mainly present in cell membranes with…

Nutrition and diet

We are involved in several daily activities. These actions need a significant quantity of energy. The food we eat provides this energy. Food is necessary for development, repair, and other living activities since it supplies energy. All of these are part of the living practice known as nutrition. Nutrition is the study of nutrients in food, how the body uses them, and the relationship between diet, health, and disease. Nutritionists employ concepts from molecular biology, biochemistry, and genetics to understand how nutrients affect the human body. Nutrition also looks at how people can use their diet to reduce their risk of disease, as well as what happens when they ingest too much or too little of a nutrient and how allergies emerge.