GLUT4 is a protein channel that facilitates the transport of glucose into the cell. Under nor- mal conditions, some of the GLUT4 proteins that are synthesized by the cell do not become active and are instead stored within the membranes of vesicles. The insulin receptor tyrosine kinase (TRK) is a receptor protein that facilitates the decrease of glucose concentration in the bloodstream by increasing the uptake of glucose by cells. When the insulin hormone binds the insulin TRK receptor, a signal transduction pathway causes the activation and addition of GLUT4 to the cell membrane. A model of this signal transduction pathway is illustrated in the figure below. insulin insulin receptor cytoplasm A model of the insulin TRK receptor signal-transduction pathway. glucose Which of the following best predicts the effect of a loss of function of the insulin TRK? GLUT 4 GLUT4 containing vesicle

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Proteins

We generally tend to think of proteins only from a dietary lens, as a component of what we eat. However, they are among the most important and abundant organic macromolecules in the human body, with diverse structures and functions. Every cell contains thousands and thousands of proteins, each with specific functions. Some help in the formation of cellular membrane or walls, some help the cell to move, others act as messages or signals and flow seamlessly from one cell to another, carrying information.  

Protein Expression

The method by which living organisms synthesize proteins and further modify and regulate them is called protein expression. Protein expression plays a significant role in several types of research and is highly utilized in molecular biology, biochemistry, and protein research laboratories.