Glucose 6-phosphate is fed to a cell line capable of utilizing the pentose phosphate pathway and gluconeogenesis. Predict the distribution of radioactivity following two passages through the PPP.
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- A notable increase of the activities of CPK МВ (creatine phosphokinase? MB isoform) and LDH-1 were revealed at examination of patient’s blood. What is the most likely pathology?Explain the regulatory processes of purine synthesis that would result in an increase in the concentration of GMP.State the function and desired products of the hexose monophosphate shunt pathway.
- Heterozygotes for erythropoietic protoporphyria show only 20 to 30% residual ferrochelatase activity rather than the 50% that is normally expected for an autosomal dominant inherited disease. Provide a plausible explanation for this observation.The interconverison of DHAP and GAP greatly favors the formation of DHAP at equilibirum. Yet the conversion of DHAP by triose phosphate isomerase proceeds readily. Why?HbA1c is used to monitor blood glucose levels because hemoglobin is the only protein in blood that is covalently modified by glucose. True False Insulin Glargine is a long-acting form of insulin that is synthesized with several D-amino acids that slow its proteolytic degradation and extend the half-life of the insulin Glargine molecule. True False
- In acute lymphoblastic leukemia, the cancerous white blood cells typically lack the enzyme asparagine synthetase. Why is the administration of asparaginase an eff ective therapy for this type of cancer?Explain the function of histidine 57 in the mechanism of chymotrypsin.Describe one mechanism that leads to continued gluconeogenesis in the liver of T1DM patients, despite already high levels of glucose in the bloodstream.
- A female neonate did well until approximately 24 hours of age when she became lethargic. A sepsis workup proved negative. At 56 hours, she started showing focal seizure activity. The plasma ammonia level was found to be 1,100 μmol/L (normal 5–35 μmol/L). Quantitative plasma amino acid levels revealed a marked elevation of argininosuccinate.19.3 Which one of the following enzymic activities is most likely to be deficient in this patient? EXPLAIN your answerA. Arginase.B. Argininosuccinate lyase.C. Argininosuccinate synthase.D. Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I.E. Ornithine transcarbamoylase.Why is there a distinction of c2c12 cells with and without insulin?Two steps in the synthesis of tadalafil, a drug sold under the trade nameCialis for the treatment of erectile dysfunction, are shown. Identifyintermediate A, and draw a mechanism for the conversion of A totadalafil.
