Your task is to show what the profit of this firm might look like using a key economics diagram. To make graphing easier, we will consider the price of the Ozempic drug for the middle-income country Bangladesh, which is $38 (assumed the profit-maximising price). For this task, you will be required to illustrate and explain to a typical first-year undergrad student who has no economics background the profit the firm makes at $38 per month, and what has happened to profit (producer surplus), markup, consumer surplus and the output if the price was reduced from $38 to $10 per month.
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- An airline is selling tickets for a flight from London to Frankfurt. The price of an economy class ticket three months before the flight date was £30. The price of the same ticket one day before the flight is £300. Your friend, who knows you have studied Industrial Organization, asked you to explain why there’s this difference in price.There is a debate about whether sterile hypodermic needles should be passed out free of charge in cities with high illegal drug use. Proponents argue that doing so will reduce the incidence of diseases, such as HIV/AIDS, that are often spread by needle sharing among drug users. Opponents believe that doing so will encourage more drug use by reducing the risks of this behavior. As an economist asked to assess the policy, you must know the following: (i) how responsive the spread of diseases like HIV/AIDS is to the price of sterile needles and (ii) how responsive drug use is to the price of sterile needles. Assuming that you know these two things, use the concepts of price elasticity of demand for sterile needles and the cross-price elasticity between drugs and sterile needles to answer the following questions. Which of the following would have to be true for this policy to be beneficial to cities? 0 The price elasticity of demand for sterile needles is relatively elastic. The…Suppose that a technological innovation decreases BYOB's costs so that it now faces the marginal cost (MC) and average total cost (ATC) given on the following graph. Specifically, the technological innovation causes a decrease in average fixed costs, thereby lowering the ATC curve and moving the MC curve. Place the black point (plus symbol) on the following graph to indicate the profit-maximizing price and quantity for BYOB. If BYOB is making a profit, use the green rectangle (triangle symbols) to shade in the area representing its profit. On the other hand, if BYOB is suffering a loss, use the purple rectangle (diamond symbols) to shade in the area representing the loss. 4.00 3.50 Monopoly Outcome 3.00 2.50 Profit 2.00 Loss 1.50 ATC 1.00 0.50 MC MR 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 QUANTITY (Thousands of cans of beer) PRICE (Dollars per unit)
- Suppose that a technological innovation decreases BYOB's costs so that it now faces the marginal cost (MC) and average cost (AC) given on the following graph. Specifically, the technological innovation causes a decrease in average fixed costs, thereby lowering the AC curve and moving the MC curve. Place the black point (plus symbol) on the following graph to indicate the profit-maximizing price and quantity for BYOB. If BYOB is making a profit, use the green rectangle (triangle symbols) to shade in the area representing its profit. On the other hand, if BYOB is suffering a loss, use the purple rectangle (diamond symbols) to shade in the area representing the loss. PRICE (Dollars per unit) 4.00 3.50 3.00 2.50 2.00 1.50 1.00 0.50 0 0 MC 0.5 MR AC 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 QUANTITY (Thousands of cans of beer) 3.5 D 4.0 Monopoly Outcome Profit Loss ?Recently and article appeared in the Wall Street Journal entitled "Peak Oil? OPEC Says the World’s Richest Countries Are Already There." The article comes with a short video entitled "How energy got so cheap" which can be viewed here. (Links to an external site.) (Though the article is behind a pay wall.) Interestingly, the term "peak oil" was originally coined by Colin J. Campbell who wrote a paper in 1998 along with Jean H. Laherrère titled "The End of Cheap Oil" in which they predicted that oil production would peak around 2004-5. Let us define "peak oil" as a point in time where the quantity of oil extracted and consumed (let's just assume these are the same) reaches a maximum and then starts to decline. Based on economic theory, (in other words, I'm not asking you to predict anything specific about the oil market in the real world, just a general theory question) should we expect this period of declining production to be accompanied by high and rising prices or by low/falling…Now analyze the impact of the outbreak of respiratory illnesses on the market for antibiotics. What health care experts are calling the “tripledemic” (Covid, flu, and RSV) has dramatically increased demand for antibiotics in the United States. Assume there are no changes to the supply of these drugs. On the same graph you produced in Question 1, graphically depict any changes affecting the market for antibiotics and any changes that impact the individual firm. Show the movements of the curves (if any) and the new Short Run Equilibrium (SRE). Indicate the new market equilibrium P1 and Q1, the optimal output of an individual firm representative of the other firms in the industry at this SRE (labeled as q1), and the individual firm’s profit π1, if any (shaded and clearly labeled). Reminder: be sure to label all relevant points and axes.
- Exercise 4.6 An econometrician hired to analyse a local golf course has determined that there are two types of golfers, the regular and the occasional. The annual demand for games from regular players is given by QH = 24 – 0.3P, where P is the price of a round of golf. On the other hand, the annual demand for occasional items is given by QO = 10 – 0.1P. The marginal cost and the average total cost per item are equal to €20. a) If you could distinguish between regular and casual players, what price would be set for each type? How many games would each type of player play? How much profit could the golf course generate? Represent graphically. b) As an alternative to the discrimination of third degree prices, those in charge consider a double tranche rate according to which the members can play as many games as they wish at a price of € 20 per game. How much profit will the golf course generate if it charges all players the same annual fee for becoming a member of the club? What if you…The next series of questions uses the following table. The table contains 5 columns: Quantity Q, Price P, Total Revenue TR, Total Cost TC, and Total Profit. You are given the numbers for the 1st, 2nd, and 4th columns and must find the numbers for the 3rd column (Total Revenue) and the 5th column (Total Profit). I suggest completely filling out the table on a piece of paper. First, calculate total revenue at a quantity of 2. Quantity Q Price P Total Revenue TR Total Cost TC Total Profit 0 $110 $50 1 $100 $110 2 $90 $150 3 $80 $170 4 $70 $180 5 $60 $210 6 $50 $250 7 $40 $310The next series of questions uses the following table. The table contains 5 columns: Quantity Q, Price P, Total Revenue TR, Total Cost TC, and Total Profit. You are given the numbers for the 1st, 2nd, and 4th columns and must find the numbers for the 3rd column (Total Revenue) and the 5th column (Total Profit). I suggest completely filling out the table on a piece of paper. First, calculate total revenue at a quantity of 2. Quantity Q Price P Total Revenue TR Total Cost TC Total Profit 0 $110 $50 1 $100 $110 2 $90 $150 3 $80 $170 4 $70 $180 5 $60 $210 6 $50 $250 7 $40 $310 Calculate total revenue at a quantity of 6. Using the previous table, calculate total profit at a quantity of 1. Calculate total profit at a quantity of 5. Using the previous table, what is the highest profit possible? Note that this question and the next few questions depend on your ability to accurately find the highest profit possible. So, be very…
- Round off your final answer to whole #. A company produces and sells a consumer product and is able to control the demand by varying the selling price. The approximate relationship between price and demand is p=45 + 2700/D - 5000/D2 for D > 1 The company is seeking to maximize its profit. The fixed cost is $1,000 and the variable cost is $38 per unit. What is the number of units that should be produced and sold each month to maximize profit?The blue curve on the following graph represents the demand curve facing a firm that can set its own prices. Use the graph input tool to help you answer the following questions. You will not be scored on any changes you make to this graph. Note: Once you enter a value in a white field, the graph and any corresponding amounts in each grey field will change accordingly. PRICE (Dollars per unit) 100 TOTAL REVENUE (Dollars) 90 80 20 10 0 1250 1125 1000 875 750 625 500 On the previous graph, change the number found in the Quantity Demanded field to determine the prices that correspond to the production of 0, 10, 20, 25, 30, 40, or 50 units of output. Calculate the total revenue for each of these production levels. Then, on the following graph, use the green points (triangle symbol) to plot the results. 375 250 125 + 0 0 0 Demand 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 QUANTITY (Units) + 5 20 10 15 25 30 35 QUANTITY (Number of units) 40 Graph Input Tool Market for Goods 45 50 Quantity Demanded (Units)…Problem 06-04 For the pizza seller whose marginal, average variable, and average total cost curves are shown in the graph below, what is the profit- maximizing level of output and how much profit will this producer earn if the price of pizza is $2.50 per slice? Instructions: In the graph below, label all three curves by clicking on the dropdown to select the appropriate label. Then, indicate the profit-maximizing level of output on the graph. Price ($/slice) 3.50 3.25 3.00 2.75 2.50 2.25 2.00 1.75 1.50 1.25 1.00 0.75 0.50 0.25 0 Cost Curves Select Select Quantity (slices/day) Select 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 Tools -i At the profit-maximizing level of output, the producer's profit is: $ per day. 0