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- 1.4 To measure thermal conductivity, two similar 1-cm-thick specimens are placed in the apparatus shown in the accompanying sketch. Electric current is supplied to the guard heater, and a wattmeter shows that the power dissipation is 10 W. Thermocouples attached to the warmer and to the cooler surfaces show temperatures of 322 and 300 K, respectively. Calculate the thermal conductivity of the material at the mean temperature in W/m K. Problem 1.41.63 Liquid oxygen (LOX) for the space shuttle is stored at 90 K prior to launch in a spherical container 4 m in diameter. To reduce the loss of oxygen, the sphere is insulated with superinsulation developed at the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology's Cryogenic Division; the superinsulation has an effective thermal conductivity of 0.00012 W/m K. If the outside temperature is on the average and the LOX has a heat of vaporization of 213 J/g, calculate the thickness of insulation required to keep the LOX evaporation rate below 200 g/h.(50 marks) Q: A hot surface at 125°C is to be cooled by attaching 4 cm long, 0.2 cm diameter aluminum pin fins (k =237 Wim. °C) to it, with a center-to- center distance of 0.5 cm. The temperature of the surrounding medium is 25 °C, and the heat transfer coefficient on the surfaces is fos cm 25 W/m?. C. Determine the rate of heat transfer from the surface 0.2 for a Ix0.5 m section of the plate. Also, determine the overall effectiveness of the fins.
- Q2- Water flows inside a steel pipe with an ID of 2.5 cm. The wall thickness is 2 mm, and the convection coefficient on the inside is 100 Wm? C. The convection coefficient on the outside is 10 W/n C. The pipe is covered with a layer of asbestos. 1-determine the thickness of the asbestos layer at the critical insulation radius of the pipe. 2-calculate the change percent of heat transfer with and without the insulation. 3-commet on your results,The left side of a composite wall is kept at 300oC constantly. The right side of the same wall is exposed to air at 20oC with a convection coefficient of 32 W/mk. kA = 10 W/mK, kB = 40 W/mK, kC = 1 W/mK, kD = 300 W/mK, kE = 0.1 W/mK Given figure 1, calculate: a) The total thermal resistance of the wall.b) The total heat rate through the wall.c) The junction temperature where B meets D (between second and third column)The compartment below is used as a freezer of refrigerator compartment. Inner wall is at -15 C and outer wall is at 25 C. Insulator with a thermal conductivity of 0.035 W/(mK) is used to prevent the heat losses from the compartment. The shape is in square form with a side of 1.2 m and unit width into the page. Determine the thickness of the insulator if the compartment heat load is 700 W? * inner wall outer wall insulating material
- The compartment below is used as a freezer of refrigerator compartment. Inner wall is at -15 C and outer wall is at 25 C. Insulator with a thermal conductivity of 0.035 W/(mK) is used to prevent the heat losses from the compartment. The shape is in square form with a side of 1.2 m and unit width into the page. Determine the thickness of the insulator if the compartment heat load is 700 W? * inner wall outer wall insulating material 5 cm O 9.6 mm 4.2 cm none1/ 1 100% + T7 Heat Transfer & Applications Q1. The heat flux through a wood slab 50 mm thick, whose inner and outer surface temperatures are 40 and 20°C respectively has been determined to be 40 W/m2. What is the thermal conductivity of the wood. (0.1 W/ mK) o uindow 5 mm thick areFor your company you need to mass produce 20-cmx10-cm heat sinks to dissipate heat quickly from an equipment. After considering several other parameters, you have short-listed two possible designs: A. 72 straight pin fins made of an alloy (thermal conductivity 240 W/m-°C) that costs $9,000 per m³. Each pin is 4 cm long and 1-cm diameter. E.=3'18; $204 B. 64 straight rectangular fins made of another alloy (thermal conductivity 180 W/m.°C) that costs $12,000 per m³. Each pin is 4 cm long and has 2-cmx1-cm cross-section. Eo =7:94%$ 6·14 The convection coefficient of the operating condition is approximated as 15 W/m2.°c. Consider that the manufacturing cost is same for both designs but the material cost differs. Calculate and compare the cost and performance (in terms of heat transfer gains by the heat sinks) of the two heat sinks so that a decision can be made to select a design.
- (3-5) A composite furnace wall has an inside wall temperature of 1100 C and an outside wall temperature of 38 C. The types of bricks are available as follows: brick k, W/m-k Thickness, cm Max allowable temp, °C 1. 1.45 10.5 2 0.18 5.5 875 3 0.50 7.0 200 The heat loss must not exceed 0.73 kw/ m?. 3. Determine the minimum wall thickness 4. The actual heat loss for (6) 5. The temperature between the last two bricks counting from the inside.5. Water flows inside a pipe (k =18 W/m- o C) with an ID of 2.5 cm. The thickness of the pipe is 2 mm, and the convection coefficient on the inside is 500 W/m 2 – o C. The convection coefficient outside is 12 W/m 2 -o C. Calculate the rate of heat transferred if: a) there is no insulation; b) the pipe is covered with a 0.5 mm layer of asbestos (k = 0.18 W/m 2 - o C) while still surrounded s by a convection environment with h = 12 W/m 2 - o C.H.W.4 1- Fin question {(b) (Accounting the heat transfer at the end)} 2- Derive a nodal equation for analysis of the node(n) in the Figure below 4 3 2 3- Aluminum plate having a thickness of 4cm and initial temperature is 200 °C. The plate is subjected to a convection with h= 500 w/m.°C and T= 25 °C. Using lumped heat method, calculate the temperature at time of 24.2 sec. Take the density = 2707 kg/m' , Cp =896 j/kg. °C, k= 204 w/m. °C