Why do we use the maximum of the first derivative curve or the zero crossing of the second derivative curve to locate the end points in the Figure 10-4? 11(a)10980.3E (b)0.20.1(c)0.050.00-0.0520406080100 120 140 160 180NaOH (µL)Figure 10-4 (a) Experimental points in the titration of 1.430 mg of xylenol orange,a hexaprotic acid, dissolved in 1.000 mL of 0.10 M NaNO,. The titrant was 0.065 92 M NaOH.(b) The first derivative, ApH/AV, of the titration curve. (c) The second derivative,A(ApH/AV)/AV, which is the derivative of the curve in panel b. Derivatives for the firstend point are calculated in Figure 10-5. End points are taken as maxima in the derivativecurve and zero crossings of the second derivative.2nd Derivative1st DerivativeHd

A question based on pH titration, which is to be accomplished.

Answered: Why do we use the maximum of the first…

Why do we use the maximum of the first derivative curve or the zero crossing of the second derivative curve to locate the end points in the Figure 10-4?

Fundamentals Of Analytical Chemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285640686

Author:Skoog

Publisher:Skoog

Chapter21: Potentiometry

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 21.22QAP

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Question

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Why do we use the maximum of the first derivative curve or the zero crossing of the second derivative curve to locate the end points in the Figure 10-4?

11
(a)
10
9
8
0.3E (b)
0.2
0.1
(c)
0.05
0.00
-0.05
20
40
60
80
100 120 140 160 180
NaOH (µL)
Figure 10-4 (a) Experimental points in the titration of 1.430 mg of xylenol orange,
a hexaprotic acid, dissolved in 1.000 mL of 0.10 M NaNO,. The titrant was 0.065 92 M NaOH.
(b) The first derivative, ApH/AV, of the titration curve. (c) The second derivative,
A(ApH/AV)/AV, which is the derivative of the curve in panel b. Derivatives for the first
end point are calculated in Figure 10-5. End points are taken as maxima in the derivative
curve and zero crossings of the second derivative.
2nd Derivative
1st Derivative
Hd

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