Which of the following are methods of cellular signaling? Select one: a. All the answers are correct. b. Connections through fibers of the ECM from one cell to another c. Ligand binding to a receptor in the cell membrane d. Desmosomes ‘pulling’ one cell to another e. Lipid or gas ligand binding to an intracellular receptor

Which of the following are methods of cellular signaling? Select one: a. All the answers are correct. b. Connections through fibers of the ECM from one cell to another c. Ligand binding to a receptor in the cell membrane d. Desmosomes ‘pulling’ one cell to another e. Lipid or gas ligand binding to an intracellular receptor

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter4: Principles Of Neural And Hormonal Communication

Section4.5: Intercellular Communication And Signal Transduction

Problem 3CYU: Outline the three general means by which binding of a water soluble extracellular chemical messenger...

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Carbon monoxide is a deadly gas. This is due to its quick activation of specific signaling pathways in cells of our body. Since this is a gas, it most likely uses.... Select one: a. A transmembrane cell surface receptor since it cannot pass through cell membranes b. A voltage-gated ion channel receptor since it creates a charge when crossing the cell membrane c. An intracellular receptor since it can easily diffuse across a membrane
You perform a competition study on a GPCR. You have isolated the plasma membrane from cells which contains the GPCR of interest. If an agonist and an inverse agonist are at equal concentrations in your study but the inverse agonist has a 10 x higher affinity for the receptor than the agonist, what would you expect to be the overall outcome to be? More of the agonist is bound and so most of the receptor is in its active conformation and is stimulated More of the inverse agonist is bound and so most of the receptor is in its inactive conformation and is unstimulated.
Histamine is a chemical substance released in inflammatory and allergic response. The histamine H1 receptor is a G protein-coupled receptor that activates phospholipase C in response to the binding of histamine. Arrange the data below showing the process of histamine signal transduction from the H1 receptor. Calcium ions flow through ligand-gated ion channel. Phosphorylation cascade leads to the activation of a cellular response. Calcioum ions activate a protein, leading to a cellular response. Enzyme cleaves PIP2, forming DAG and IP3. Calcium iom concentration increases in the cytosol. IP3 binds to a ligand-gated ion channel in thw ER membrane.
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Which of these is NOT a response that occurs when an intercellular chemical signal binds to a membrane-bound receptor? 1. Enzymes at the inner surface of the cell are directly activated. 2. Ion channels open or close. 3. Enzymes add phosphate groups to certain proteins in the cell. 4. The chemical signal and receptor bind to DNA in the nucleus. 5. Activated G proteins activate enzymes that produce intracellular messengers.
Which is true about signaling receptors? They are transmembrane proteins that have binding sites for extracellular activated proteinsto effect changes inside the cell. They are transmembrane proteins that have binding sites for extracellular DNA-binding proteins to effect changes inside the cell. They are transmembrane proteins that have binding sites for extracellular enzyme effectors to effect changes inside the cell. They are transmembrane proteins that have binding sites for extracellular messengers to effect changes inside the cell.
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The figure below illustrates a model of a signal transduction cascade, initiated by the bind- ing of a ligand to a membrane-bound receptor. ligand A partial model of a signal transduction pathway A inactivated molecules B -receptor protein A D activated molecule 1 Based on the figure, which of the following describes the most likely outcome of a mutation that changes the intracellular region of receptor protein A? activated molecule 2 activated molecule 3 The receptor will not activate molecule 1, but the activation of molecules 2 and 3 will continue at lower rates. Molecule 1 will not become activated, preventing the activation of molecules 2 and 3 and the subsequent cellular response. с The ligand will not be able to bind the membrane-bound receptor, preventing the signal transduction pathway from initiating. The ligand that binds to protein A will not enter the cell, preventing the cellular response from occurring.
Which of the following may occur as a result of cross-talk? (Select ALL correct answers) O A cell may have a stronger response to a ligand than usual A cell may have a weaker response to a ligand than usual A signaling pathway may branch, leading to two responses The ligand may be blocked from activating the receptor 000
Molecule X is a soluble protein that is secreted in response to extracellular signal Y. Which sorting signal must molecule X have?
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