Which of the following statements are descriptions of metal ion catalysis orexamples of metal ion catalysis? Choose all correct answersa Zn²+ cofactor may properly orient the substrate in the active site throughionic interactions.a covalent bond forms between enzyme and substratelowers the energy or stabilizes the transition state or intermediatecatalyst retains its original form after reaction occurscatalysts may participate in oxidation-reduction reactions by changes in theoxidation state Which of the following amino acid residues would not provide a side chain for acid-base catalysis at physiological pH? (Assume pK values of each amino acid are equalto the pK value for the free amino acid in solution.)histidineleucineaspartic acidlysine

Introduction: Nearly one-third of all known enzymes require metal ions for the catalytic activity…

Answered: Which of the following amino acid…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Given the active site diagram below, indicate the mechanism(s) of catalysis. 5 HO OH HN OH ΝΗ *HN ΝΗ Zn²+ Acid-base, Metal ion 3 Metal ion, By Approximation Metal ion Acid-Base, By Approximation Acid-base
A catalase is an antioxidant enzyme that requires ferric ion for catalysis. Under conditions of iron deficiency, when the catalase lacks ferric ion, it would be referred to as: O prosthetic group O holoenzyme ароenzyme coenzyme
Given the active site below, which best describes the mechanism(s) of catalysis? 5 NH* 2 -N +H3N. HN Mn²+ H₂ Covalent Catalysis By Approximation Mn²+ -3 Metal ion, By Approximation Acid-Base, Metal ion Acid-Base, Metal ion, By Approximation
Which of the following statements regarding the catalytic mechanism of superoxide dismutase is true? The D residue does not participate in acid-base catalysis during the course of the catalyzed reaction All of the answers are true The coordinated Zn2+ participates in stabilizing Cu²+ in the reduction-oxidation reactions to consume O₂ The Cu²+ coenzyme is coordinated by H residues, positioning it precisely for consumption of 0₂ The overall reaction consumes two equivalents of O₂ and two proton equivalents in order to produces one equivalent H₂O2
Which of the following statements is true for the shown reaction? The reaction can occur in both cytosol and mitochondria Under starved conditions, the reaction becomes reversible to allow the synthesis of ketonebodies The reaction requires FMN as a cofactor Increase in NADH stimulates the reaction None of the above
Which of the following statements is TRUE of enzyme catalysts? for heads up question 2 and 3 are false 1) To be effective, they must be present at the same concentration as their substrate. 2) They can increase the equilibrium constant for a given reaction by a thousand-fold or more. 3) They lower the free energy for conversion of substrate to product. 4) Their catalytic activity is dependent on pH. 5) They are generally equally active on D and L isomers of a given substrate.
Given the active site below, which best describes the mechanism(s) of catalysis? 5 NH+ 2 HN H₂ 03 NH Mn²+ -3 O Covalent Catalysis Metal ion, By Approximation O Acid-Base, Metal ion By Approximation Acid-Base, Metal ion, By Approximation
USSE EUSS reaction rate substrate concentration Blue line - Enzyme alone Red line - Enzyme + unknown compound The 4 graphs above represent the change in enzyme kinetics with the individual addition of different compounds that could be categorized as either: allosteric inhibitors, allosteric activators, competitive inhibitors, activators or non-competitive inhibitors. Review the graphs above. Each graph represents the activity of an enzyme and the enzyme + the addition of an unknown compound. By comparing the kinetics of the enzyme alone to the enzyme + unknown, determine what type of compound was added to each of the 4 different solutions to elicit the observed change.
Which of the following statements regarding enzymes and transition states is true? stabilization of the transition state must be less than stabilization of ES for catalysis to occur binding of substrate to an enzyme often causes strain, thus promoting transition state formation the transition state conformation of an enzyme catalyzed reaction is identical to the conformation seen in the uncatalyzed transition state formation of the transition state always assures that the reaction will proceed to product none of the above are true
Catalysis through proximity and orientation effects involves: (select all that applies) Group of answer choices binding of acidic and/or basic groups in the binding site facilitating chemical reactions by binding substrates close to specific groups binding of substrate in specific, restrictive orientations depending on metal ions for catalysis
A competitive inhibitor interacts with the free enzyme to form an enzyme•inhibitor complex(E•I). This equilibrium reaction can be described as follows:E + I ⇌ EIModify the simplified kinetic scheme for the reaction E + S ⇌ E + P to include this equilibriumexpression
Which of the following describe what enzymes such as Chymotrysin accomplish to allow products to form and be released by the enzyme active site? Group of answer choices catalyze chemical eactions that are thermodynamically unfavorable to occur establish a more stable transition state at a higher energy level to perform a catalysis reaction redce the chemical energy held within a chemical bond modify chemical structure of a substrate to "fit" within the active site

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Which of the following amino acid residues would not provide a side chain for acid- base catalysis at physiological pH? (Assume pK values of each amino acid are equal to the pK value for the free amino acid in solution.) histidine leucine aspartic acid lysine