When an action potential depolarizes the axon terminal, calcium enters into the axon terminal through voltage-gated calcium channels to: (one correct statement) Select one:
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HOMEWORK 10,HELP ME1
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- The exocytosis of the synaptic vesicles depends on: Select one: a. The opening of Na+ channels in the postsynaptic neurons b. The increase of Ca2+ level inside the synaptic bulb c. The opening of Ca2+ voltage- gated channels in the postsynaptic neuron d. The inflow of Na+ inside the synaptic bulbIf action potential propagation from one neuron to another neuron requires ACh release, what event at the synaptic cleft explains the need for action potentials to arrive at a high rate before the post-synaptic membrane achieves threshold? the lack of sodium voltage gated channels on the post-synaptic membrane O the rapid breakdown of ACh by ACHE at the synaptic cleft the slow release of ACh by the synaptic vessicles the slow movement of sodium through chemical gates Previous Next MacBook AirWhich of the following rows correctly completes the following statement about synaptic transmission? The neurotransmitters contained in vesicles enter the synaptic cleft via __A______ to attach to receptor proteins in the postsynaptic membrane. Once the postsynaptic neuron has been stimulated, the neurotransmitters return via ____B_____. a. A B Exocytosis Binding b. A B Binding Exocytosis c. A B Endocytosis Enzymatic breakdown d. A B Exocytosis Endocytosis
- A biologist finds that a post-neuron responds to a pre-neuron’s AP in a mammal through a cell membrane pathway involving INTRACELLUAR Ca2+ RELEASE. Define what type of synapse this is and the specific possible mechanism (details!) about how binding the neurotransmitter on the post membrane causes this type of calcium release.The resting membrane potential of a neuron or muscle cell is a. equal to the potassium equilibrium potential. b. equal to the sodium equilibrium potential. c. somewhat less negative than the potassium equilibrium potential. d. somewhat more positive than the sodium equilibrium potential. e. not changed by stimulation.Which of the following statements are true with regards to the differences between a neuromuscular junction, and a standard central nervous system (CNS) synapse? Select all that apply. O The neuromuscular junction is a synapse between a neuron (alpha motor neuron) and a muscle fibre. CNS synapses connect two neurons. The graded potential generated by a neuromuscular junction has a much larger voltage than that of a CNS synapse. The structure of the neuromuscular junction ensures that an action potential in the alpha motor neuron always results in an action potential in the post-synaptic muscle fibre. CNS synapses do not guarantee this. The neuromuscular junction always uses Acetylcholine as a neurotransmitter, whereas CNS synapses may use a variety of neurotransmitters depending on their location and function
- Regardless of type, all neurons transfer signals between each other or to effectors (muscles or glands) at a synapse. The neuromuscular junction that we talked about with the muscular system is one example of a synapse. The diagram below shows the general features of a synapse Match each term or description with the appropriate letter in the diagram. You may use terms more than once. 1. Synaptic knob in axon terminal of pre-synaptic cell: 2. Synaptic cleft: 3. Neurotransmitter: 4. Dendrite of post-synaptic cell: 5. Cell body of post-synaptic cell: 6. Receptor in plasma membrane of post-synaptic cell: 7. Chemical released by neurons that stimulates or inhibits other neurons, muscles, or glands: 8. Cell that sends the signal: 9. Dendrite of cell that receives the signal: 10. Space between cells that must be crossed by neurotransmitters: 11. Structure that opens, like a "protein door", when neurotransmitters attach to it:Predatory cone snails are beautiful (picture below), but deadly - they release a cocktail of toxins that affect multiple aspects of neuronal function. One of these toxins is called omega-conotoxin, and it blocks (inhibits) voltage-gated calcium channels. What impact would this have on chemical synaptic transmission? Action potentials cannot be initiated O b. Action potentials can be initiated, but cannot propagate down axons and thus cannot reach terminals O c. Action potentials can propagate and reach terminals, but neurotransmitter release is not possible o d. Neurotransmitters can be released from terminals, but they cannot bind to receptors O . Neurotransmitters can be released and can bind to receptors, but PSPS will not occurAt which point in the graph do voltage-gated potassium channels open? (Base your answer to this question on the graph below depicting an action potential.) A B C D E
- Determine whether each statement is true or false. If a statement is false, explain why. A. Voltage gated sodium channels are quick to open and slow to close, while voltage gated potassium channels are quick to open and slow to close. 6. Before a second action potential can be generated, the concentration of sodium and potassium on either side of the cell membrane must be fully restored. C. The strength of an action potential is represented by the amplitude of the wave. A stronger stimulus will generate an action potential with a higher peak than a weaker stimulus. D.. Action potentials travel in a non-decremental manner down the axon, with the voltage constantly being regenerated along the way, unlike graded potentials which quickly diminish over short distances. E. Contiguous conduction is faster than saltatory conduction. F. Action potentials originate in the axon hillock and travel down the axon to the terminal boutons (pre-synaptic axon terminals).When summation of multiple graded synaptic potentials occurs which of the following would "neutralize/cancel out" an EPSP in dendrites? A. opening a voltage gated sodium channel B. opening a voltage gated calcium channel C. openning a ligand gated calcium channel D. closing a ligand gated potassium channel E. opening a ligand gated chloride channelFollowing the arrival of an action potential in stimulated cells, synaptic vesicles rapidly fuse with the presynaptic membrane. This happens in less than l ms. What mechanisms allow this process to take place at such great speed?