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What is the functional purpose of an airbag? Be detailed and specific.

What is the functional purpose of an airbag? Be detailed and specific.

Chemistry for Engineering Students
Chemistry for Engineering Students
4th Edition
ISBN:9781337398909
Author:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme
Publisher:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme
Chapter11: Chemical Kinetics
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 11.38PAE
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What is the functional purpose of an airbag? Be detailed and specific. Use evidence from the text and image to support your response.

 

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How Airbags Work your Let's call it "engineered violence." Airbags may seem soft and cuddly as long as they're packed away in steering wheel, dashboard, seats, or pillars, but what makes them work is their ability to counteract the violence of a collision with a structured sort of violence of their own. Every airbag deployment is literally a contained and directed explosion. Image 1. prepared airbag within a steering column (left); deflated airbag after deployment (right) Images courtesy of ck12.org (https://flexbooks.ck12.org/cbook/ck-12-chemistry-flexbook-2.0/section/14.8/related/rwa/saved-by-an-air-bag/) "We don't like to use the word 'explosion' around here," claims Ken Zawisa, the global airbag engineering specialist responsible for frontal airbag strategies at GM. “But it is a very fast, well-controlled chemical reaction. And heat and gas are the result." The term "airbag" itself is misleading since there's no significant "air" in these cushions. They are, instead, shaped and vented nylon-fabric pillows that fill, when deployed, with nitrogen gas. They are designed to supplement seatbelt restraints and help distribute the load exerted on a human body during an accident to minimize the deceleration rate and likelihood of injury. But while "supplement the seatbelt" is the mission of airbags, federal regulations require that they be tested and made effective for unbelted occupants, vastly complicating their task. Airbags must do their work quickly because the window of opportunity-the time between a car's collision into an object and an occupant's impact into the steering wheel or instrument panel-lasts only milliseconds. For illustration's sake, imagine a Corvette hitting a bridge abutment head-on at 30 mph. The clock starts the instant the tip of the car's nose hits concrete. THE PER TRENI MELLAN ST THE T SEX EFTERS HET TARK t
Transcribed Image Text:How Airbags Work your Let's call it "engineered violence." Airbags may seem soft and cuddly as long as they're packed away in steering wheel, dashboard, seats, or pillars, but what makes them work is their ability to counteract the violence of a collision with a structured sort of violence of their own. Every airbag deployment is literally a contained and directed explosion. Image 1. prepared airbag within a steering column (left); deflated airbag after deployment (right) Images courtesy of ck12.org (https://flexbooks.ck12.org/cbook/ck-12-chemistry-flexbook-2.0/section/14.8/related/rwa/saved-by-an-air-bag/) "We don't like to use the word 'explosion' around here," claims Ken Zawisa, the global airbag engineering specialist responsible for frontal airbag strategies at GM. “But it is a very fast, well-controlled chemical reaction. And heat and gas are the result." The term "airbag" itself is misleading since there's no significant "air" in these cushions. They are, instead, shaped and vented nylon-fabric pillows that fill, when deployed, with nitrogen gas. They are designed to supplement seatbelt restraints and help distribute the load exerted on a human body during an accident to minimize the deceleration rate and likelihood of injury. But while "supplement the seatbelt" is the mission of airbags, federal regulations require that they be tested and made effective for unbelted occupants, vastly complicating their task. Airbags must do their work quickly because the window of opportunity-the time between a car's collision into an object and an occupant's impact into the steering wheel or instrument panel-lasts only milliseconds. For illustration's sake, imagine a Corvette hitting a bridge abutment head-on at 30 mph. The clock starts the instant the tip of the car's nose hits concrete. THE PER TRENI MELLAN ST THE T SEX EFTERS HET TARK t
1) What is an ion? Explain the difference between a monatomic and polyatomic ion. An ion is a charged atom with #protons # # electrons. On page three, paragraph one reads, "The prefix poly- means many, and atomic refers to atoms. An ion with more than one atom is a polyatomic ion. As a result, polyatomic ions differ from monoatomic ions, which contain only one atom." Polyatomic ions are groups of covalently bonded atoms, where the total number of protons is not equal to the total number of electrons. Atoms become ions when they gain or lose electrons and this results in a net charge. On page two, the ionic compound image shows an ionic bond formed between aluminum (Al) and chlorine (CI). In this image, Al+3 is a monoatomic ion as it is composed of one atom. AIC13 is a polyatomic ion because there is more than one atom involved.
Transcribed Image Text:1) What is an ion? Explain the difference between a monatomic and polyatomic ion. An ion is a charged atom with #protons # # electrons. On page three, paragraph one reads, "The prefix poly- means many, and atomic refers to atoms. An ion with more than one atom is a polyatomic ion. As a result, polyatomic ions differ from monoatomic ions, which contain only one atom." Polyatomic ions are groups of covalently bonded atoms, where the total number of protons is not equal to the total number of electrons. Atoms become ions when they gain or lose electrons and this results in a net charge. On page two, the ionic compound image shows an ionic bond formed between aluminum (Al) and chlorine (CI). In this image, Al+3 is a monoatomic ion as it is composed of one atom. AIC13 is a polyatomic ion because there is more than one atom involved.
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