What do you understand by Safety factor, puncture and Flashover of Insulator

Introductory Circuit Analysis (13th Edition)
13th Edition
ISBN:9780133923605
Author:Robert L. Boylestad
Publisher:Robert L. Boylestad
Chapter1: Introduction
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P: Visit your local library (at school or home) and describe the extent to which it provides literature...
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What do you understand by Safety factor, puncture and Flashover of Insulator
Transcribed Image Text:What do you understand by Safety factor, puncture and Flashover of Insulator
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Step 1

The part section of a pin type insulator is shown in  the figure below:

Electrical Engineering homework question answer, step 1, image 1

Step 2
  • Insulators should be designed such that they are required to withstand both electrical stress i.e. voltage gradient and mechanical stress i.e. tension on it due to the weight of the conductor.
  • The electrical stress is primarily due to the line voltage that causes the breakdown of the insulator. The electrical breakdown of an insulator can occur either by flash-over or puncture.
  • Flash-over: In a flashover, an electric arc occurs between the insulator pin (which is grounded) and the line conductor (which is live). The discharge due to electric arc jumps across the air-gaps as shown in the figure below follows the shortest distance i.e., from abc.Electrical Engineering homework question answer, step 2, image 1
  • In the flash-over, the insulator remains safe until an extreme heat produced by the electric arc destroys the insulator.
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