What are the main components of electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation?
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1. What are the main components of electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation?
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- 1. What is the difference between electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation?1. What general factors contribute to the high phosphoryl-transfer potential of ATP?6. The lens of the eye si the light refracting medium of the eye, and ti has no mitochondria. Glucose is used sa an energy source ni the lens. Which metabolic pathway of glucose supplies energy to the crystalline eye lens? To answer the question: a) write a diagram of the metabolic pathway that provides the eye's lens with ATP, specify enzymes and coenzymes; b) mark the reactions associated with the ATP consumption and synthesis, calculate the ATP yield during the process; )c specify the mechanisms ofATP synthesis ni the process; d)name the tissues and cells in which the ATP synthesis is the same as in hte lens; e) writethe dehydrogenation reaction and the reactionoffinal product formation occurring in the process;
- 6. The lens of the eye is the light refracting medium of the eye, and it has no mitochondria. Glucose is used as an energy source in the lens. Which metabolic pathway of glucose supplics energy to the crystalline eye lens? To answer the question: a) write a diagram of the metabolic pathway that provides the eye's lens with ATP, specify enzymes and coenzymes; b) mark the reactions associated with the ATP consumption and synthesis, calculate the ATP yield during the process; c) specify the mechanisms of ATP synthesis in the process; d) name the tissues and cells in which the ATP synthesis is the same as in the lens; e) write the dehydrogenation reaction and the reaction of final product formation occurring in the process; 6.3. Gluconeogenesis. Regulation of Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis 271 ) indicate the fate of the end product of the process and the consequences of its accumulation.2. Which of the following statements describes a central role that ATP plays in cellular metabolism? a) hydrolysis of ATP is an exergonic reaction that can be coupled to endergonic reactions in the cell. b) hydrolysis of AYP provides an input of free energy for exergonic reactions. c) ATP hydrolysis requires an input of energy from other cellular reactions. d) its terminal phosphate bond is stronger than most covalent bonds in other molecules.What are the ultimate products of the electron-transport chain?
- What are the major events of the electron transport chain?9 .The energy of electron transport (by the ETC) serves to move protons (hydrogen ions, or H+) to the intermembrane space of the mitochondrion. How does this help the mitochondrion produce ATP? a) This movement of protons sets up the electrochemical gradient that drives ATP synthesis in the mitochondrion. b) The protons pick up electrons from the electron transport chain on their way through the inner mitochondrial membrane c) The protons receive electrons from the NAD+ and FAD that were accepted in glycolysis ad the citric acid cycle d) The protons are transferred to oxygen in an energy-releasing reactionAre electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation the same process? Why or why not?
- 13) When electrons flow through the electron transport system from NADH to oxygen, what is the sequence of molecules through which they move?3. a) List the three steps of aerobic respiration in which a cell takes a molecule of glucose and produces energy, carbon dioxide and water? b) Photosynthesis is broken down into light reaction and dark reactions: What are the products and reactants of the light reactions? What are the products and reactants of the dark reactions?1. Oxidative phosphorylation and synthesis of ATP in mitochondria: • ways of ATP formation in cells - substrate and oxidative phosphorylation; • conjugation of respiration and oxidative phosphorylation; • sites of ATP formation in the respiratory chain; • oxidative phosphorylation coefficient, its value in the oxidation of various substrates in mitochondria; • conjugation points of electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation. 2. Chemiosmotic theory of oxidative phosphorylation, its uniqueness and common principles of energy generation in different living systems. 3. Structural and functional prerequisites for the effective conjugation of electron transport in the respiratory chain and ATP synthesis: • specific asymmetric localization of components of the electron transport chain in the inner membrane of mitochondria; • integrity of mitochondrial membranes; • generation of electrochemical gradient of protons on the membrane; • action of proton pumps of the respiratory circuit; •…
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