We often speak of diseases such as phenylketonuria (PKU) andachondroplasia as having a genetic basis. Explain whether the followingstatements are accurate with regard to the genetic basis ofany human disease (not just PKU and achondroplasia).A. An individual must inherit two copies of a mutant allele to havedisease symptoms.B. A genetic predisposition means that an individual has inheritedone or more alleles that make it more likely that she or he willdevelop disease symptoms than other individuals in a populationwill.C. A genetic predisposition to develop a disease may be passedfrom parents to offspring.D. The genetic basis for a disease is always more important thanthe environment.

We often speak of diseases such as phenylketonuria (PKU) andachondroplasia as having a genetic basis. Explain whether the followingstatements are accurate with regard to the genetic basis ofany human disease (not just PKU and achondroplasia).A. An individual must inherit two copies of a mutant allele to havedisease symptoms.B. A genetic predisposition means that an individual has inheritedone or more alleles that make it more likely that she or he willdevelop disease symptoms than other individuals in a populationwill.C. A genetic predisposition to develop a disease may be passedfrom parents to offspring.D. The genetic basis for a disease is always more important thanthe environment.

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305251052

Author:Michael Cummings

Publisher:Michael Cummings

Chapter11: Genome Alterations: Mutation And Epigenetics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 16QP: Familial retinoblastoma, a rare autosomal dominant defect, arose in a large family that had no prior...

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

Pancreatic cancer is clearly inherited as an autosomal dominant trait in the family illustrated in Figure 23.1. Yet most cases of pancreatic cancer are sporadic, appearing as isolated cases in families with no obvious inheritance. How can a trait be strongly inherited in one family and not inherited in another?
1a) Explain how amino acids in casein could reach the liver, starting fromthe moment when the person takes a bite of pastry cream pie. b) Congenital lactase deficiency is a type of lactose intolerance that occursin infants. It is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. Calculate thechance of congenital lactose intolerance in a child whose parents are both carriersfor the disorder, showing fully how you reached your answer.
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an inherited is an inheritent dominant disorder. The phenotype usually involves the production of many skin neurofibromas. Answer the following question about the disorder: The rarer form of neurofibromatosis is called segmental neurofibromatosis. In this form of the disease, neither parent of the patient has any clinical sign of the disease, and the tumors in the patient are restricted to one part of the body. Suggest an explanation for the genesis of segmental neurofibromatosis that clarifies why it is restricted to one part of the body.
Sickle-cell anemia is an interesting genetic disease. Normal homozygous individials (SS) have normal blood cells that are easily infected with the malarial parasite. Thus, many of these individuals become very ill from the parasite and many die. Individuals homozygous for the sickle-cell trait (ss) have red blood cells that readily collapse when deoxygenated. Although malaria cannot grow in these red blood cells, individuals often die because of this genetic defect causes deformation of red blood cells. However, individuals with the heterozygous condition (Ss) have some sickling of red blood cells, but generally not enough to cause mortality. In addition, malaria cannot survive well within these "partially defective" red blood cells. Thus, heterozygotes tend to survive better than either of the homozygous conditions. Assuming HWE, if 9% of an African population is born with a severe form of sickle-cell anemia (ss), what percentage of the population will be more resistant to malaria…
Sickle-cell anemia is an interesting genetic disease. Normal homozygous individials (SS) have normal blood cells that are easily infected with the malarial parasite. Thus, many of these individuals become very ill from the parasite and many die. Individuals homozygous for the sickle-cell trait (ss) have red blood cells that readily collapse when deoxygenated. Although malaria cannot grow in these red blood cells, individuals often die because of the genetic defect. However, individuals with the heterozygous condition (Ss) have some sickling of red blood cells, but generally not enough to cause mortality. In addition, malaria cannot survive well within these "partially defective" red blood cells. Thus, heterozygotes tend to survive better than either of the homozygous conditions. 11% of an African population is born with a severe form of sickle-cell anemia (ss), What is the frequency of the dominant allele? Please show your work in order to receive credit.
Sickle-cell anemia is an interesting genetic disease. Normal homozygous individials (SS) have normal blood cells that are easily infected with the malarial parasite. Thus, many of these individuals become very ill from the parasite and many die. Individuals homozygous for the sickle-cell trait (ss) have red blood cells that readily collapse when deoxygenated. Although malaria cannot grow in these red blood cells, individuals often die because of the genetic defect. However, individuals with the heterozygous condition (Ss) have some sickling of red blood cells, but generally not enough to cause mortality. In addition, malaria cannot survive well within these "partially defective" red blood cells. Thus, heterozygotes tend to survive better than either of the homozygous conditions. 11% of an African population is born with a severe form of sickle-cell anemia (ss), What percentage of the population will be more resistant to malaria because they are heterozygous (Ss) for the sickle-cell…
Sickle-cell anemia is an interesting genetic disease. Normal homozygous individials (SS) have normal blood cells that are easily infected with the malarial parasite. Thus, many of these individuals become very ill from the parasite and many die. Individuals homozygous for the sickle-cell trait (ss) have red blood cells that readily collapse when deoxygenated. Although malaria cannot grow in these red blood cells, individuals often die because of the genetic defect. However, individuals with the heterozygous condition (Ss) have some sickling of red blood cells, but generally not enough to cause mortality. In addition, malaria cannot survive well within these "partially defective" red blood cells. Thus, heterozygotes tend to survive better than either of the homozygous conditions. 11% of an African population is born with a severe form of sickle-cell anemia (ss), What is the frequency of the recessive allele? Please show your work in order
Albinism is characterized by the lack of a dark pigment called melanin in the hair, skin and eyes. Albinism is caused by the absence of an functioning enzyme called thyrosinase, which is necessary for the synthesis of melanin. Given this bit of information, what can you assume about the heredity pattern of this trait? A) It is caused by a recessive allele of the gene coding for thyrosinase. B) It is caused by a dominant allele of the gene coding for melanin. C) It is caused by a dominant allele of the gene coding for thyrosinase. D) It is caused by a recessive allele of the gene coding for melanin. E) There is not enough information here to tell
people with osteogenesis imperfecta have a dominant mutation in one of the two genes that produce type 1 collagen. people with OI have weak bones, bkuish color in teh whites of eyes, and a variety of afflictions that cause weakness in their joint and teeth. However, some people can carry the mutation but have no symptoms. Thus, families can unknowingly transmit the mutation but does not express the OI phenotype. This is an example of which of the following? a. incomplete penetrance b. variable expressivity c. epistasis d. incomplete dominance
Determine which statements could be used as evidence to support the argument that "DNA influences the proteins that are made" and which statements are just facts. [Select all that apply.] The HBB gene that makes beta-globin has several abnormal alleles, including HbS, HbC, and HbE. Sickle cell disease has been successfully treated using bone marrow transplantation in children and adults. The symptoms of sickle cell anemia may not appear in individuals who only carry one HbS allele, but are always apparent when both alleles are HbS. If oxygen is removed from red blood cells made by two HbS alleles, the cell will form a sickle shape.
Marfan syndrome is inherited in an autosomaldominant pattern. Which of the following is true?a. Female offspring are more likely to be carriers ofthe disease.b. Male offspring are more likely to inherit thedisease.c. Male and female offspring have the samelikelihood of inheriting the disease.d. Female offspring are more likely to inherit thedisease.
Sickle-cell disease (often called sickle-cell anemia) is a disease that is caused by a mutation to the gene that is responsible for producing the protein hemoglobin. Remember that hemoglobin is a protein in the red blood cells which is responsible for carrying oxygen throughout the body. When a person possesses the mutated hemoglobin allele, their red blood cells take on an altered shape and this results in a variety of symptoms ranging from general weakening of the body, damage to the organs and even death. The sickle cell allele is recessive to the healthy allele, thus only individuals that are homozygous for the recessive allele will have sickle-cell disease. Individuals that are homozygous for the healthy allele, along with heterozygous, individuals will be physically healthy. Question: Given that this mutated allele will cause disease and death in individuals, what would you predict to occur to the frequency of this allele in the population? Explain.