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- i. Based on Figure 2, identify the structure that regulates the movement of water and minerals towards the xylem in the root ii. Predict what will happen to the transportation of water and minerals through the plasma membrane if the root was poisoned and no cellular respiration occurred. iii. . Nitrate and phosphate are important anions for plants. Explain how the movement of protons (H+) influence the anions uptake across the plasma membrane of the root hair cells1. Estimate the maximum turgor pressures (Ψp) inside the cells of leaves and flowers. 2. Which structure (leaves or flowers) have stiffer, more rigid cell walls? What part(s) of the graphs tell you this? 3. At about what relative cell volume (equal to relative water content) does incipient plasmolysis occur for each structure? 4. Which structure (leaves or flowers) has more solutes inside the cells? 5. Which structure (leaves or flowers) do you expect to undergo more shrinking and swelling in volume with changes in water content? 6. Imagine you wanted to display a C. speciosa shoot in a vase in your house. You cut a flowering shoot (a shoot with both leaves and flowers on it) from a tree growing outside. You then transport the shoot into your house. As you carry it, the leaves and flowers are evaporating water. By the time you place the shoot in the vase of water, the relative water content (equivalent to relative cell volume) of the leaves and flowers has declined to…2) Name and describe the three types of compartments found in plants in terms of water relations. How do these relate to the three different routes that an ion can take as it moves from the soil and through plant tissue?
- In plants, water is transported through vessels called xylern. The cohesiveness of water molecules allows them to travel up the walls of the vessel. However, for most plants this is not enough to move the water all the way to the top of the plant. How do plants overcome the force of gravity and move water to their upper tissues ? Root hairs push water through the roots and up into the xylem. Plants absorb water through transpiration to supply their upper tissues with water . С The guard cells surrounding the stomata expand and contract, pushing water through the xylem. Water escapes from the leaves through transpiration, creating a vacuum which pulls water up the xylem.You place a flaccid plant cell (Ψ = -0.7 MPa) into an environment (beaker) of pure (deionized) water (Ψ = 0 MPa). Compare the initial conditions of the flaccid cell and the environment (beaker of pure water) in terms of: G) Predict the direction of water movement (into the cell, out of the cell, or no net movement) H) Predict the change in turgor pressor of the cell (increase turgor pressure or decrease turgor pressure) I) Predict the fate of the cell (plasmolyzed, turgid, or lysed)(b) Water absorbed by plant roots travels by different pathways from the root hairs to the xylem. Figure 5 shows these pathways in a plant root. cell A xylem vessel root hair key pathway B Tissue D Tissue E * pathway C Figure 5: Schematic representation of water movement through the tissues of a plant root (PLEASE TURN OVER) Page 6 CONT'D from Page 5 i. Explain how water moves from the root hair to the xylem vessels in the root. ii. Identify cellA, pathway B, pathway C, tissue D and tissue E in Figure 5.
- A leaf is placed in a beaker containing a salt solution with a solute potential of -0.5 MPa. Over time the leaf turgor increased to 0.8 MPa at which time the leaf comes into equilibrium with the solution. What is the: 1)Water potential of the solution: 2)Solute potential of the leaf: 3)Water potential of the leaf: 4) pressure potential of the leaf:Describe the pathway water would take up the stem to the leaf of a plant. Describe the water's movement through any cells, tissues, and/or systems of the plant body.In plants, water is transported through vessels called xylem. The cohesiveness of water molecules allows them to travel up the walls of the vessel. However, for most plants this is not enough to move the water all the way to the top of the plant. How do plants overcome the force of gravity and move water to their upper tissues?
- 9. Describe the process of water transport in plants from the roots to the leaves. What roles do xylem, osmosis, and transpiration play in this process? Discuss how environmental factors can affect water transport in plants. 1. 2. 3. 0088 Doo ooooooo Transpiration draws water from the leaf. Cohesion and adhesion draw water up the xylem. Negative water potential draws water into the root. Mesophyll cells Xylem Stoma Xylem Root hairs Soil particle Water molecule Xylem Low Water potential gradient High Atmosphere: --100 MPa Leaf at tip of tree: --1.5 MPa Stem: -0.6 MPa Root cells: -0.2 MPaAmong the three pathways of water movements in plants, which is the most used? Explain the reasons behind. (i) Figure 1: Water droplets on leaf blades (IPM, University of Missouri) Explain the phenomenon shown in Figure 1 by providing the specific term, elucidating the reason, conditions and plant structure involved. (ii)1. How do you determine that an element is essential for plant? 2. How does an ion move from an external solution into xylem in plant roots?