True/False: The C3 convertase of the alternative complement pathway amplifies the overall magnitude of complement activation regardless of which of the three pathways initiated the complement activation initially.

Q: Describe how the complement system works, and list 3 effects that complement activation has.

A: An antibody (Ab), also known as an immunoglobulin (Ig), is a large Y-shaped protein produced by…

Q: Complement can enhance phadocytosis because of the presence on macrophages and neutrophils of…

A: The correct option is C3b.

Q: Which complement control protein would you consider to be the most detrimental to lose?

A: Complement control proteins (CCP) are proteins which are associated with components of the…

Q: Damaged cells release a vasodilator substance called ________________________. Question 7 options:…

A: Our body has a specialized defense mechanism to fight the infections happening in the body. Our…

Q: Contrast the pathways of complement activation.

A: The complement system consists of about thirty serum proteins and also some cell surface…

Q: Explain why an inherited deficiency in complement components C3 or C4 can result in less efficient…

A: Complement component 3 deficiency is a rare genetic primary immunodeficiency characterised by…

Q: Specific immunity can be characterize by two special attributes. These are: Specificity and Memory…

A: Introduction  Immunity refers to an organism's capacity to resist against harmful microbes. Both…

Q: Why is the function of the complement system

A: The complement system is made up of a large number of distinct plasma proteins that react with one…

Q: Which of the following leads to the redness ofinflammation?a. increased vascular permeabilityb.…

A: inflammation is a process in which one's body fight with harmful materials or organisms that hurts…

Q: Choose the combination of answers that most accurately completes the statement. Which of the…

A: In the complement system, complement is the protein molecules. The complement system is part of the…

Q: Two students are studying for an exam on the body’s defense systems. One of them insists that…

A: A complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work collectively to protect the body and fight…

Q: What is a PAMP an example of?     Dendritic cell Complement Antibody Antigen

A: Need to find the example of PAMP (Pathogen-associated molecular patterns)

Q: Which of the following proteins are part of the first line of defense against microbial invasion?…

A: The immune system in our body is responsible for providing protection against pathogenic…

Q: Your dog has been diagnosed with disseminated blastomycosis (a disease caused by a fungal pathogen…

A: Blastomyces is fungal infection in dogs.

Q: What triggers the alternative pathway for complement activation?

A: Complementation is a phenomenon that is observed in our immune system which increases the ability…

Q: Each is an effect of complement activation EXCEPT     interference with viral replication.…

A: The complement system is a course of serine proteases that is encoded by genes starting from similar…

Q: Part of the complement system of defense is opsonization. This process

A: The complement system also called the complement cascade comprises plasma proteins and other…

Q: What clinical symptoms can an inherited deficiency in complement components C3 or C4 lead to?

A: Introduction: There are three primary pathways in the complement cascade, each of which is activated…

Q: Ingestion of complement-tagged pathogens by phagocytes is mediated by receptors for the bound…

A: INTRODUCTION The complement system, also known as complement cascade, is a part of the immune system…

Q: First and second line defenses display antigen-specificity. true or false

A: Immunity is a resistance of our body against the invading pathogenic agent. It is also considered as…

Q: Which of the following is not a consequence of activation of the complement system? Select one: a.…

A: Activation of the complement system cause increase and efficient proteolytic cascades that end in…

Q: Which of the following proteins downregulates the classical complement cascade by breaking up the C3…

A: The classical complement (CMP) pathway is considered as the method, which helps in the activation of…

Q: Immature B cells can drive strong adaptive immune responses by maturing into _______. Group of…

A: There is some information about B cells ; B cells are at the centre of the adaptive humoral immune…

Q: Name and explain the three outcomes after complement activation.

A: Three outcomes after complement fixation are:- 1)cell lysis- It occurs after insertion of membrane…

Q: What are 3 functions of the classical complement pathway

A: Answer: Introduction: The complement system, (Complement= protein) also called as complement…

Q: Describe the general actions of the complement system.

A: Introduction: The complement system is a part of the innate immune system and is involved in…

Q: Distinguish between alternative complement pathway and Lectin pathway.

A: Introduction: Complement proteins: A system of plasma proteins that can be activated directly by…

Q: List and explain briefly three characteristics of the innate immune system

A: The natural reaction happens similarly and similarly paying little mind to how often a microbe is…

Q: Describe the initiation and activation of classical complement pathway.

A: Compliments are a group of thermo labile  enzymetic proteins found in the serum and body fluid and…

Q: These antibodies are capable of stimulating complement, causing type II

A: An antibody (Ab), otherwise called an immunoglobulin (Ig), is a huge, Y-formed protein utilized by…

Q: complement cascade in the inflammatory

A: Complement cascade is also known as component system which enhances the ability of antibodies to…

Q: Immune System Term Building Write the meaning of the root/prefix/suffix highlighted in each term..…

A: A complex network of cells, tissues, organs, and the substances they create that aids in the body's…

Q: Describe these 2nd Line of Defenses Inflammation phagocytosis complement system fever Interferons

A: Immunity relates to the capability of the body to prevent infections from occurring. A pathogen is…

Q: Write T if the statement is correct; write F if the statement is not correct. CXCR3 is the receptor…

A: White blood cell (WBC) perform the immunological activities within our body and the total immune…

Q: Describe the control of the alternate pathway of complement activation.

A: Complement system is made up of large number of proteins that are present in the plasma. Complement…

Q: Discriminate between humoral and cell-mediated immunity in a table .

A: Immunity is the body's defense system that fights against pathogens and provides protection against…

Q: Which of the following is not an example of innate immunity? Histamine release by mast cells…

A: Innate immunity can be described as the non specific immunity or the defense mechanism with which…

Q: What is the only known effect of deficiencies in complement components C5–C9? Explain this effect.

A: Introduction: The innate humoral immune system relies heavily on the complement system. The…

Q: The classical complement pathway involves activation of the complement proteins in which of the…

A: Complement system is a cascade that assists the antibodies and phagocytes to clear off…

Q: Explain why IgM cannot activate complement by itself.

A: Antibodies which are also known as immunoglobulins are large Y shaped blood proteins produced by the…

Q: Briefly explain the four stages of Complement Cascade.

A: The immune system is the portion of the body responsible for fighting against infections. They…

Q: features of adaptive immunity-

A: The major points related  to adaptive immunity -  It is also known as acquired immunity which has a…

Q: Which of the following are opsonins? Group of answer choices interleukins histamine oleic acid…

A: Opsonization Itvrefered to the capacity of the antibodies and the complement components to coat the…

Q: Innate immunity involves all of the following except: Inflammation Antibodies Phagocytosis Fever

A: Innate immunity is non specific type of defence that is present at the time of birth. This is…

Q: True/False: The classical and lectin pathways of complement activation converge at the step of C3…

A: Our immune system involved different cellular and molecular processes that are used to fight against…

Q: Describe the steps in the classical complement pathway making sure to include the three ways the…

A: In immunology, complement is a complicated system of around 30 proteins that work together to help…

Q: Define complement cascade

A: Biology terms are fundamental concepts and terms used in biology, which is the study of life and…

Q: In order of progression, state the steps that would lead to the development of natural active…

A: Principle of Active Immunity: Humoral immunity is the mechanism by which your body develops…

Q: True/False: Unlike innate immune responses, adaptive immune responses are initiated in secondary…

A: Immune system is a very important system which plays an important role in eliminating foreign…

Immunology

Immunology is the division of science involved with the immune reactions occurring in living organisms. The organisms are accustomed to evolving internal defense mechanisms to evade the invasion of microbial pathogens. Diverse cells are connected with stimulating the immune responses, which produce inhospitable conditions to the microbes prompting their lysis and thus inhibits the multiplication of the pathogens. The immune system can distinguish the pathogens through the aid of cellular intercommunication and launch responses to destroy them.