The following pattern(s) of population dynamics is(are) produced from the Lotka- Volterra model assuming exponential increase in the prey population in the absence of predators, and exponential decline in the predator population in the absence of prey. а. Stable cycles O b. Chaos O c. Equilibrium O d. Damped Oscillations е. More than one of the above is possible
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- A researcher decides to try to incorporate stochasticity by changing carrying capacity (K) in the logistic model over time. This would be best considered а. Noise O b. Demographic heterogeneity С. This is not stochasticity O d. Demographic stochasticity O e. Environmental stochasticityThe relationship between predator and prey populations has been studied by computer simulation using equations which form part of a mathematical model devised by Lotka and Volterra. The data in Table 6.10 show the results of such a simulation when the prey population begins with 20 individuals and the predator population begins with six individuals. 1.Explain why the peaks in the predator population occur after those in the prey population. 2. This simulation assumes one prey species and one predator species in an imaginary ecosystem and is based on mathematical equations. Why is it likely to be too simplistic to describe accurately what happens in nature?Consider the predator-prey model dN N cN P 6. dT K a + N dP b N P тР. dT a + N Analyze and discuss the effects of the parameter 0 on the occurrence of limit cycles for the above predator-prey model. Explain how resolve the biological control paradox. your results
- (A) G = rN K – N) (В) K (C) (х-аxis) Question: What does the dotted line represent? O a. carrying capacity O b. plateau ability O c. log phase O d. lag phase (y-axis)Compare exponential J-curve growth (line A) to logistic S-curve growth (line B). Explain the conditions under which each might occur in might. ✓ ✓ A Carrying Capacity (K) it Number of Individuals B TimeIn the Lotka-Volterra predator-prey model, the term for the rate of prey capture as a function of prey abundance is a. exponential response O b. functional response С. numerical response O d. logistic response
- Regarding the population growth of Canada geese, which of the following statements is most likely true? O The population is increasing at a constant rate with time. O If modeled geometrically, A should be greater than 0, because the population is increasing. If modeled exponentially, r should be greater than 0, because the population is increasing. O None of the above statements is true.Using the lynx–hare interaction, explain in words the equations of the Lotka–Volterra model for the change in the population sizes of prey and predators.12. Which of the following dynamics are not predicted by the Lotka-Volterra predator-prey model using an exponential growth function (the simplest form)? a. exponential decline of the predator population in the absence of prey b. coexistence of predator and prey c. exponential growth of the prey population in the absence of predators d. none, all of these are predicted by the predator-prey model e. unstable oscillations in predator and prey density
- Use the following information to answer the next question. Predator-prey population cycles prey predator Time Сорy Look Up Share... In the above graph, the points A, B, C, and D represent the following events, in random oraer. 1. Reduction in predator population 2. Reduction in prey population 3. Increase in predator population 4. Increase in prey population The correct order for listing the events represented by A, B, C, and D is » and NumberPopulations that have reduced variation in their vital rates in response to increasing environmental variation are said to have а. Environmental stochasticity O b. Temporal autocorrelation С. Demographic buffering O d. Unstable equilibrium O e. Stable equilibriumWhich graph best displays the patterns of population abundances as a result of the Lotka-Volterra predator-prey model. The black line represents the PREY population, and the grey line represents the PREDATOR population. x-axis for all graphs = Time а. Graph D O b. Graph C С. Graph A O d. Graph B y-axes = Prey or Predator abundance