The figure (not to scale) shows a pV diagram for 10 dg of helium gas (He) that undergoes the process 1 → 2 → 3. Find the value of V3 and V1. The ideal gas constant is R = 8.314 J/mol∙K = 0.0821 L∙atm/mol∙K, and the atomic weight of helium is 4.0 g/mol.

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Maxwell speed distribution

Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution or commonly known as Maxwell speed distribution, explains the division of the energy levels of the molecules of an ideal gas on the basis of the statistical theory. In 1859, Scottish physicist James Clerk Maxwell established the context for the distribution of molecular velocities for random molecules moving in a closed environment. This theory was generalized in 1871 by German physicist Ludwig Boltzmann. He improvised the theory to express the distribution of energy levels among different molecules.