The article "Anodic Fenton Treatment of Treflan MTF" (D. Saltmiras and A. Lemley, Journal of Environmental Science and Health, 2001:261-274) describes a two-factor experiment designed to study the sorption of the herbicide trifluralin. The factors are the initial trifluralin concentration and the Fe?H202 delivery ratio. There were three replications for each treatment. The results presented in the following table are consistent with the means and standard deviations reported in the article. Initial Concentration (M) Delivery Ratio Sorption (%) 15 1:0 10.90 8.47 12.43 15 1:1 3.33 2.40 2.67 15 1:5 0.79 0.76 0.84 15 1:10 0.54 0.69 0.57 40 1:0 6.84 7.68 6.79 40 1:1 1.72 1.55 1.82 40 1:5 0.68 0.83 0.89 40 1:10 0.58 1.13 1.28 100 1:0 6.61 6.66 7.43 100 1:1 1.25 1.46 1.49 100 1:5 1.17 1.27 1.16 0.80 100 1:10 0.93 0.67 a. Estimate all main effects and interactions. b. Construct an ANOVA table. You may give ranges for the P-values. C. Is the additive model plausible? Provide the value of the test statistic, its null distribution, and the P-value.
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- Compare the two separate scatterplots. In particular, how do the associtation compare between women with pets vs. women without pets? Does one group have more variation in systolic blood pressure than the other? If so, for which group? Does systolic blood pressure seem higher for common ages between the two groups? If so, for which group?A deficiency of the trace element selenium in the diet can negatively impact growth, immunity, muscle and neuromuscular function, and fertility. The introduction of selenium supplements to dairy cows is justified when pastures have low selenium levels. Authors of a research paper supplied the following data on milk selenium concentration (mg/L) for a sample of cows given a selenium supplement (the treatment group) and a control sample given no supplement, both initially and after a 9-day period. Initial Measurement Treatment Control 11.4 9.1 9.6 8.7 10.1 9.7 8.5 10.8 10.2 10.9 10.6 10.6 11.9 10.1 9.9 12.3 10.7 8.8 10.2 10.4 10.3 10.9 11.4 10.4 9.3 11.6 10.6 10.9 10.9 8.3 After 9 Days Treatment Control 138.3 9.2 104 8.9 96.4 8.9 89 10.1 88 9.6 103.8 8.6 147.3 10.4 97.1 12.4 172.6 9.2 146.3 9.5 99 8.4 122.3 8.8 103 12.5 117.8 9.1 121.5 93 (a) Use the given data for the treatment group to determine if…A deficiency of the trace element selenium in the diet can negatively impact growth, immunity, muscle and neuromuscular function, and fertility. The introduction of selenium supplements to dairy cows is justified when pastures have low selenium levels. Authors of a research paper supplied the following data on milk selenium concentration (mg/L) for a sample of cows given a selenium supplement (the treatment group) and a control sample given no supplement, both initially and after a 9-day period. Initial Measurement Treatment Control 11.2 9.1 9.6 8.7 10.1 9.7 8.5 10.8 10.3 10.9 10.6 10.6 11.7 10.1 9.7 12.3 10.8 8.8 10.3 10.4 10.4 10.9 11.2 10.4 9.4 11.6 10.6 10.9 10.7 8.4 After 9 Days Treatment Control 138.3 9.3 104 8.7 96.4 8.7 89 10.1 88 9.6 103.8 8.6 147.3 10.2 97.1 12.2 172.6 9.3 146.3 9.5 99 8.2 122.3 8.9 103 12.5 117.8 9.1 121.5 93 (a) Use the given data for the treatment group to determine if there…
- A deficiency of the trace element selenium in the diet can negatively impact growth, immunity, muscle and neuromuscular function, and fertility. The introduction of selenium supplements to dairy cows is justified when pastures have low selenium levels. Authors of a research paper supplied the following data on milk selenium concentration (mg/L) for a sample of cows given a selenium supplement (the treatment group) and a control sample given no supplement, both initially and after a 9-day period. Initial Measurement Treatment Control 11.3 9.1 9.7 8.7 10.1 9.7 8.5 10.8 10.4 10.9 10.7 10.6 11.8 10.1 9.8 12.3 10.6 8.8 10.4 10.4 10.2 10.9 11.3 10.4 9.2 11.6 10.7 10.9 10.8 8.2 After 9 Days Treatment Control 138.3 9.4 104 8.8 96.4 8.8 89 10.1 88 9.7 103.8 8.7 147.3 10.3 97.1 12.3 172.6 9.4 146.3 9.5 99 8.3 122.3 8.9 103 12.5 117.8 9.1 121.5 93 (a) Use the given data for the treatment group to determine if…Following are boxplots comparing the amount of econozole nitrate (in ug/cm²) absorbed into skin for a brand name and a generic antifungal ointment (from the article "Improved Bioequivalence Assessment of Topical Dermatological Drug Products Using Dermatopharmacokinetics." B. N Dri-Stempfer, W. Navidi, R. Guy, and A. Bunge, Pharmaceutical Research, 2009:316-328). Brand namr Generic True or false: The median amount absorbed for the brand name drug is greater than the 25th percentile of the amount absorbed for the generic drug. b. The median amount absorbed for the brand name drug is greater than the median amount absorbed for the generic drug. About half the sample values for the brand name drug are between 2 and 3. d. There is a greater proportion of values outside the box for the brand name drug than for the generic drug. Both samples are skewed to the right. f. Both samples contain outliers. a. C. e. Amount Absorbed (ug/cm) 2.In this study, the protection of aquatic ecosystems is an important goal of Ville de Montréal. In particular, Thomas wants to see whether the contamination of creeks (ruisseaux in French) by Escherichia coli differs among the months of May, June, July, and August. Therefore, herandomly samples six creeks in different areas. For each creek, he collects water samples from May to August, and measures the amount of E. coli, expressed in colony-forming units (CFU) per 100 mL of water. For each combination of a month and a creek, he thus obtains an E. coli contamination value, i.e., 24 observations in total. A preliminary statistical analysis produces the following results. Which pairs of months show significant differences in mean E. coli contamination? Explain your reasoning and justify your answer to this question with the results of a statistical procedure. Use α = 0.05. Data: May= 66, June= 104, July=105, August= 88
- In this study, the protection of aquatic ecosystems is an important goal of Ville de Montréal. In particular, Thomas wants to see whether the contamination of creeks (ruisseaux in French) by Escherichia coli differs among the months of May, June, July, and August. Therefore, herandomly samples six creeks in different areas. For each creek, he collects water samples from May to August, and measures the amount of E. coli, expressed in colony-forming units (CFU) per 100 mL of water. For each combination of a month and a creek, he thus obtains an E. coli contamination value, i.e., 24 observations in total. A preliminary statistical analysis produces the following results. Part A: Does the mean E. coli contamination differ significantly among the four months? Justify your answer to this question with the result of a statistical test. Use α = 0.05. Part B:Which pairs of months show significant differences in mean E. coli contamination? Explain your reasoning and justify your answer to this…In this study, the protection of aquatic ecosystems is an important goal of Ville de Montréal. In particular, Thomas wants to see whether the contamination of creeks (ruisseaux in French) by Escherichia coli differs among the months of May, June, July, and August. Therefore, herandomly samples six creeks in different areas. For each creek, he collects water samples from May to August, and measures the amount of E. coli, expressed in colony-forming units (CFU) per 100 mL of water. For each combination of a month and a creek, he thus obtains an E. coli contamination value, i.e., 24 observations in total. A preliminary statistical analysis produces the following results. Which pairs of months show significant differences in mean E. coli contamination? Explain your reasoning and justify your answer to this question with the results of a statistical procedure. Use α = 0.05.In this study, the protection of aquatic ecosystems is an important goal of Ville de Montréal. In particular, Thomas wants to see whether the contamination of creeks (ruisseaux in French) by Escherichia coli differs among the months of May, June, July, and August. Therefore, he randomly samples six creeks in different areas. For each creek, he collects water samples from May to August, and measures the amount of E. coli, expressed in colony forming units (CFU) per 100 mL of water. For each combination of a month and a creek, he thus obtains an E. coli contamination value, i.e., 24 observations in total. A preliminary statistical analysis produces the following results. 13-a) Does the mean E. coli contamination differ significantly among the four months? Justify your answer to this question with the result of a statistical test. Use α = 0.05. 13-b) Which pairs of months show significant differences in mean E. coli contamination? Explain your reasoning and justify your answer…
- Body Fat. In the paper “Total Body Composition by Dual- Photon (153 Gd) Absorptiometry” (American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol. 40, pp. 834–839), R. Mazess et al. studied methods for quantifying body composition. Eighteen randomly selected adults were measured for percentage of body fat, using dual-photon absorptiometry. Each adult’s age and percentage of body fat are shown on the WeissStats site. a. Decide whether you can reasonably apply the regression t-test. If so, then also do part (b). b. Decide, at the 5% significance level, whether the data provide sufficient evidence to conclude that the predictor variable is useful for predicting the response variable.Body Fat. In the paper “Total Body Composition by Dual- Photon (153 Gd) Absorptiometry” (American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol. 40, pp. 834–839), R. Mazess et al. studied methods for quantifying body composition. Eighteen randomly selected adults were measured for percentage of body fat, using dual-photon absorptiometry. Each adult’s age and percentage of body fat are shown on the WeissStats site. a. Decide whether finding a regression line for the data is reasonable. If so, then also do parts (b)–(d). b. Obtain the coefficient of determination. c. Determine the percentage of variation in the observed values of the response variable explained by the regression, and interpret your answer. d. State how useful the regression equation appears to be for making predictions.In the article “Assessment of Dermatopharmacokinetic Approach in the Bioequivalence Determination of Topical Tretinoin Gel Products” (L. Pershing, J. Nelson, et al., Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 2003:740-751), measurements of the concentration of an anti-fungal gel, in ng per square centimeter of skin, were made one hour after application for 49 individuals. Following are the results. The authors claim that these data are well-modeled by a lognormal distribution. Construct an appropriate probability plot, and use it to determine whether the data support this claim. 132.44 76.73258.46177.46 73.01130.62235.63 107.54 75.95 70.37 88.76104.00 19.07174.30 82.87 68.73 41.47120.44136.52 82.46 67.04 96.92 93.26 72.92138.15 82.43245.41104.68 82.53122.59147.12129.82 54.83 65.82 75.24 135.52132.21 85.63135.79 65.98349.71 77.84 89.19102.94166.11168.76155.20 44.35202.51 Figure 4.23 (page 288) shows that nonnormal data can sometimes be made approximately normal by applying an…