SSBs are: single-stranded DNA binding proteins that prevent re-annealing supercoil stabilizing bodies. single-stranded bodies called Okazaki fragments. substrates for DNA ligases.
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SSBs are:
-
single-stranded DNA binding proteins that prevent re-annealing
-
supercoil stabilizing bodies.
-
single-stranded bodies called Okazaki fragments.
-
substrates for DNA ligases.
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- Which of the following is true of primers that are used in DNA replication? They are made out of ribonucleotides with a possibility of having a thymidine base. They are made out of ribonucleotides with a possibility of having a uracil base. They are made out of deoxyribonucleotides with a possibility of having a thymine base. They must be made up of proteins.What is/are the attributes that make nucleotide excision repair (NER) and base excision repair (BER) similar and/or different from each other? Select the correct response: The NER pathway is the only one that can remove DNA lesions in the strand regardless of their size which is followed by attaching the correct strand, then sealed by a DNA ligase. They both use the enzyme DNA glycosylases that recognizes the damaged DNA segments and proceed with repairing the faulty base in the strand. They differ NER only repairs purine bases while BER repairs pyrimidine bases. They both remove the damaged parts of the DNA where the BER pathway corrects only the identified damaged bases which are usually non-bulky lesions. The NER pathway, on the other hand, repairs the damage by removal of bulky DNA adducts which is a short-single stranded DNA segment. They both utilize the enzyme photolyase to reverse the damages created by the faulty section of the DNA. They both remove the damaged parts of the…Which of the following statements is TRUE? Synthesis of the lagging strand requires more DNA helicase enzymes than synthesis of the leading strand. The lagging strand is synthesized in a semiconservative fashion while the leading strand is synthesized in a conservative fashion. The leading strand is replicated continuously for the entire length of the chromosome, e.g. while the lagging strand has multiple origins of replication The lagging strand has a higher mutation rate than the leading strand. None of the answers are true.
- Which of the following is/are true of DNA general recombination? The process involves invasion of a single-stranded DNA with a free 3'-end into a DNA duplex with the same sequence (on one strand) The process involves formation and resolution of a Holliday structure. The process involves use of a restriction endonuclease. The process involves synthesis of DNA by DNA polymerase.Discuss DNA replication of prokaryotes and please mention all of the enzymes and components listed below. DNA Primase – DNA directed “RNA Pol” which inserts nucleoside triphosphates (NTPs) Primers are oligonucleotides; priming process is the formation of primers DNA Helicase – separates the DNA in advance of the replication fork (in E. coli DNA Helicase II); binds at AT-rich region of DNA; ATP then binds the helicase Single-stranded DNA-binding Protein (SSBP) – no enzymatic activity; does not consume ATP Topoisomerase – alter the supercoiling of double-stranded DNA DNA Ligase – nicking of strands done for replication to continue Okazaki fragments DNA Polymerase – removes primer via 5’ to 3’ exonuclease activity; comes again for 5’ to 3’ polymerization activity (closes the gap between Okazaki fragments) Prokaryotes DNA Pol I – auxiliary enzyme to DNA Pol III; repairs damage; capable of excising pyrimidine dimers; polymerization via single active site that can bind all 4 dNTPs;…Which of the following statements regarding Nucleotide Excision Repair (NER) and Base Excision Repair (BER) is true? Only NER involves the action of DNA ligase to seal nicks in the DNA backbone. Both NER and BER involve DNA strand cleavage by an endonuclease. Both NER and BER can be activated by exposure to visible light. Only BER requires DNA polymerase. Both NER and BER involve the creation of an apyrimidinic (AP) site.
- Which of the following enzymes can break, and rejoin, phosphodiester bonds during the normal DNA replication process in the chromosomes of E. coli cells? single-stranded binding proteins RNA polymerase topoisomerase DNA helicase DNA ligaseWhich of the following statements regarding Nucleotide Excision Repair (NER) and Base Excision Repair (BER) is true? Only NER involves the action of DNA ligase to seal nicks in the DNA backbone. Both NER and BER involve the creation of an apyrimidinic (AP) site. Both NER and BER involve a single DNA strand cleavage by an endonuclease. Only BER requires DNA polymerase. Both NER and BER can be activated by exposure to visible light.is the name of the protein that unwinds double stranded DNA is the term used to refer to newly synthesized fragments/pieces of DNA is the name of the protein that joins gaps in the newly synthesized DNA is the skin disease caused by a mutant uv-specific endonuclease is the term that refers to the synthesized DNA strand that is discontinuous is the protein that relieves the strain created by unwinding the DNA double strands is the name of the cap attached to the mRNA to protect it from nucleases is the protein responsible for putting together the amino acids in translation is the term that refers to the portion of mRNA that is not used in translation the term that refers to the 3-nucleotide code in tRNA
- Summarize the functions of the following proteins in E. coli DNA replication: DNA polymerase I, DNA polymerase III, DnaA, helicase, SSB, primase, the sliding clamp, clamp loader, DNA ligase, Tus, and topoisomerases.Which of the following are major differences between DNA and RNA polymerases? RNA polymerase, but not DNA polymerase, requires a primer to begin synthesizing the nucleic acid polymer DNA polymerase, but not RNA polymerase, requires a primer to begin synthesizing the nucleic acid polymer RNA polymerase, but not DNA polymerase, is unique to eukaryotic cells DNA polymerase, but not RNA polymerase, is unique to eukaryotic cells DNA polymerase is involved in replication; RNA polymerase is involved in transcription 00Choose reactions that always require hydrolysis of ATP. Select all that apply. sliding along template strands unwinding of DNA strands by helicase formation of the phosphodiester linkage by DNA ligase unwinding of DNA strands by B2 subunits formation of the phosphodiester linkage by DNA polymerase I