SKE Corporation manufactures large kitchen appliances. The following represents financial information for two years: Mr. Cheung is also reviewing the quality of various production process. Recently several competitors have introduced similar prototype chips with much higher quality and causing SKE's sales to decline. Mr. Cheung has embarked an intensive campaign to strengthen its quality control at the beginning of 2023. The costs relating to quality control were complied for 2021 and the full year of 2022. The related costs are shown below 2021 2022 Process Inspection 60,000 52,800 Scrap 60,200 57,600 Quality Training 440,000 610,000 Warranty repairs 150,000 140,000 Testing equipment 230,000 230,000 Resolving customer complaints 108,400 89,000 Rework 390,000 544,000 Preventive maintenance 304,000 440,000 Material Inspection 150,000 210,000 Field Testing 400,000 300,000 Total costs $2,292,600 $2,673,400 Required: a. Prepare a cost of quality (COQ) report for 2021 and 2022, calculate the ratio of each COQ category as a percentage of total cost of quality. (8 marks) b. Discuss briefly the effectiveness of the quality assurance program of this company. (7 marks)
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- Horizon Corporation manufactues personal computers. The company began operations in 2012 and reported profits for the years 2012 through 2019. Due primarily to increased competition and price slashing in the industry, 2020's income statement reported a loss of $20 million. Just before the end of 2021 fiscal year, a memo from the company's chief financial officer (CFO) to Jim Fielding, the company controller, included the following comments: "If we dont do something about the large amount of unsold computers already manufactured, our auditors will require us to record a write-down. The resulting loss for 2021 will cause a violation of our debt convenants and force the company into bankruptcy. I suggest that you ship half of out inventory to J.B. Sales, Inc., in Oklahoma City. I know the company's presdient, and he will accept the inventory and acknowledge the shipment as a purchase. We can record the sale in 2021 which will boost our loss to a profit. Then J.B. Sales will simply return…In response to intensive foreign competition, the management of Florex Company has attempted over the past year to improve the quality of its products. A statistical process control system has been installed and other steps have been taken to decrease the amount of warranty and other field costs, which have been trending upward over the past several years. Costs relating to quality and quality control over the last two years are given below: Costs (in thousands) Last This Year Year $ 1,584 Inspection Quality engineering Depreciation of test eguipment 765 540 675 630 225 $ 1,260 $ 1,620 225 Rework labor Statistical process control Cost of field servicing $ 1,710 1,170 81 Supplies used in testing Systems development Warranty repairs Net cost of scrap Product testing Product recalls 45 630 900 1,260 24 4,140 1,530 $ 1,440 990 540 900 $ 2,700 900 Disposal of defective products 900 Sales have been flat over the past few years, at $90,000,000 per year. A great deal of money has been spent in…Johnson Limited is contemplating the installation of a new system that would allow for automated handling of customer inquiries about their order status, account balances, etc. Currently all such inquiries are handled manually by customer service representatives. The software for the new system would cost $214,000. An additional $169,000 would be required for one-time installation costs. Management estimates that the new system would result in costs of $10,300 per year related to addressing software issues and other technological problems that may arise. However, the new system is expected to reduce labour costs by $65,000 per year. Management estimates that the system would be used for five years. Severance costs related to the employees that would be laid off after implementing the new system would be $22,600. Johnson Limited requires a return of at least 15% on investments of this type. Required: Ignore income taxes. 1. Compute the net annual cost savings promised by the new system.…
- Richfield uses a machine in the manufacturing of components. In December 2009, a competitor launched its own range of components. These components are being offered at a much lower price. The Company forecasts a 40-50% fall in sales over the next three years. Following detailed assessments Richfield has provided you with the following information: The carrying value of the machine at the date of calculation is R35, 000 The asset is currently depreciated on the straight line basis at a rate of 5% and has a remaining useful life of five years The value of the asset on the second hand market is R 12,000. Costs to sell the asset are expected to amount to R 3,000. Discounted net cash Inflows from the asset over the asset's remaining useful life (including disposal proceeds) has been assessed at R9, 700. The current residual value of the asset has been estimated at R1, 200 What is the amount of the impairment loss?A company intends to install new management software for its warehouse. The software will cost $47,000 to buy and will cost an additional $148,000 to install and implement. It is anticipated that it will save the company $44,000 through reductions in staff and $69,000 in general inventory costs in the first year after installation. What is the total benefit to the company in the first year if they choose to install the software?One Manila Inc.'s president, Zane Cruz, is concerned about the prospects of one of the firm's major products. The president has been reviewing a marketing report with Jom Lara, marketing product manager, for their top-of-the-line stereo amplifier. The report indicates another price reduction is needed to meet anticipated competitors' reduction in sales prices. The current selling price for OMI's amplifier is P35,000 per unit. It is expected that within three months OMI's two major competitors will be selling their comparable amplifiers for P30,000 per unit. This concerns CRUZ because OMI's current cost of producing the amplifiers is P31,500, which yields a P3,500 profit on each unit sold. The situation is especially disturbing because OMI had implemented an activity-based costing (ABC) system about two years ago. The ABC system helped them better identify costs, cost pools, cost drivers, and cost reduction opportunities. Changes made when adopting ABC reduced costs on this…
- Horizon Corporation manufactures personal computers. The company began operations in 2012 and reported profits for the years 2012 through 2019. Due primarily to increased competition and price slashing in the industry, 2020’s income statement reported a loss of $20 million. Just before the end of the 2021 fiscal year, a memo from the company’s chief financial officer (CFO) to Jim Fielding, the company controller, included the following comments:If we don’t do something about the large amount of unsold computers already manufactured, our auditors will require us to record a write-down. The resulting loss for 2021 will cause a violation of our debt covenants and force the company into bankruptcy. I suggest that you ship half of our inventory to J.B. Sales, Inc., in Oklahoma City. I know the company’s president, and he will accept the inventory and acknowledge the shipment as a purchase. We can record the sale in 2021 which will boost our loss to a profit. Then J.B. Sales will simply…Horizon Corporation manufactures personal computers. The company began operations in 2013 and reportedprofits for the years 2013 through 2016. Due primarily to increased competition and price slashing in the industry,2017’s income statement reported a loss of $20 million. Just before the end of the 2018 fiscal year, a memo fromthe company’s chief financial officer to Jim Fielding, the company controller, included the following comments:If we don’t do something about the large amount of unsold computers already manufactured, our auditors willrequire us to write them off. The resulting loss for 2018 will cause a violation of our debt covenants and forcethe company into bankruptcy. I suggest that you ship half of our inventory to J.B. Sales, Inc., in Oklahoma City. Iknow the company’s president and he will accept the merchandise and acknowledge the shipment as a purchase.We can record the sale in 2018 which will boost profits to an acceptable level. Then J.B. Sales will simply returnthe…At the end of 2021, Mejorar Company implemented a low-cost strategy to improve its competitive position. Its objective was to become the low-cost producer in its industry. A Balanced Scorecard was developed to guide the company toward this objective. To lower costs, Mejorar undertook a number of improvement activities such as JIT production, total quality management, and activity-based management. Now, after two years of operation, the president of Mejorar wants some assessment of the achievements. To help provide this assessment, the following information on one product has been gathered: 1. Compute the following measures for 2021 and 2023: a. actual velocity and cycle time (2021 and 2023) (My question: In the book it stated that Actual Velocity (# units produced/time) and Cycle Time (time/# units produced) However, which one is per hour and per minute Or maybe I wrong let me know?) b. Percentage of total revenue from new customers (2021 and 2023) (assume one unit per customer) c.…
- Cari Heat (CH) Ltd. is currently faced with a critical decision regarding its productionequipment. Cari Heat (CH) is evaluating two options for its production equipment:upgrading or replacing. The company manufactures and sells 7,500 heaters every year, eachpriced at $920. The current production equipment, which was acquired at a cost of$2,150,000, has been in use for just two years and is subject to straight-line depreciation overa five-year useful life. Furthermore, it possesses no terminal disposal value, but it can becurrently sold for $650,000.The following table presents data for the two alternatives:A B C1 Choice Upgrade Replace2 One-time equipment costs $3,500,000 $5,200,0003 Variable manufacturing cost per Heater $180 $904 Remaining useful life of equipment (years) 3 35 Terminal disposal value of equipmentRequired0 01. Prepare a schedule, for the remaining 3 years, reflecting whether CH should upgrade itsproduction line or replace it? 2. Assuming that all other data are as…Mallette Manufacturing, Inc., produces washing machines, dryers, and dishwashers. Because of increasing competition, Mallette is considering investing in an automated manufacturing system. Since competition is most keen for dishwashers, the production process for this line has been selected for initial evaluation. The automated system for the dishwasher line would replace an existing system (purchased one year ago for 6 million). Although the existing system will be fully depreciated in nine years, it is expected to last another 10 years. The automated system would also have a useful life of 10 years. The existing system is capable of producing 100,000 dishwashers per year. Sales and production data using the existing system are provided by the Accounting Department: All cash expenses with the exception of depreciation, which is 6 per unit. The existing equipment is being depreciated using straight-line with no salvage value considered. The automated system will cost 34 million to purchase, plus an estimated 20 million in software and implementation. (Assume that all investment outlays occur at the beginning of the first year.) If the automated equipment is purchased, the old equipment can be sold for 3 million. The automated system will require fewer parts for production and will produce with less waste. Because of this, the direct material cost per unit will be reduced by 25 percent. Automation will also require fewer support activities, and as a consequence, volume-related overhead will be reduced by 4 per unit and direct fixed overhead (other than depreciation) by 17 per unit. Direct labor is reduced by 60 percent. Assume, for simplicity, that the new investment will be depreciated on a pure straight-line basis for tax purposes with no salvage value. Ignore the half-life convention. The firms cost of capital is 12 percent, but management chooses to use 20 percent as the required rate of return for evaluation of investments. The combined federal and state tax rate is 40 percent. Required: 1. Compute the net present value for the old system and the automated system. Which system would the company choose? 2. Repeat the net present value analysis of Requirement 1, using 12 percent as the discount rate. 3. Upon seeing the projected sales for the old system, the marketing manager commented: Sales of 100,000 units per year cannot be maintained in the current competitive environment for more than one year unless we buy the automated system. The automated system will allow us to compete on the basis of quality and lead time. If we keep the old system, our sales will drop by 10,000 units per year. Repeat the net present value analysis, using this new information and a 12 percent discount rate. 4. An industrial engineer for Mallette noticed that salvage value for the automated equipment had not been included in the analysis. He estimated that the equipment could be sold for 4 million at the end of 10 years. He also estimated that the equipment of the old system would have no salvage value at the end of 10 years. Repeat the net present value analysis using this information, the information in Requirement 3, and a 12 percent discount rate. 5. Given the outcomes of the previous four requirements, comment on the importance of providing accurate inputs for assessing investments in automated manufacturing systems.Recently, Ulrich Company received a report from an external consulting group on its quality costs. The consultants reported that the companys quality costs total about 21 percent of its sales revenues. Somewhat shocked by the magnitude of the costs, Rob Rustin, president of Ulrich Company, decided to launch a major quality improvement program. For the coming year, management decided to reduce quality costs to 17 percent of sales revenues. Although the amount of reduction was ambitious, most company officials believed that the goal could be realized. To improve the monitoring of the quality improvement program, Rob directed Pamela Golding, the controller, to prepare monthly performance reports comparing budgeted and actual quality costs. Budgeted costs and sales for the first two months of the year are as follows: The following actual sales and actual quality costs were reported for January: Required: 1. Reorganize the monthly budgets so that quality costs are grouped in one of four categories: appraisal, prevention, internal failure, or external failure. (Essentially, prepare a budgeted cost of quality report.) Also, identify each cost as variable (V) or fixed (F). (Assume that no costs are mixed.) 2. Prepare a performance report for January that compares actual costs with budgeted costs. Comment on the companys progress in improving quality and reducing its quality costs.