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Chemistry: Principles and Practice

Chemistry: Principles and Practice

3rd Edition

ISBN:9780534420123

Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward Mercer

Publisher:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward Mercer

Chapter16: Reactions Between Acids And Bases

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 16.57QE

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Question 21
Report the largest pK for the weak acid whose titration curve is shown.
PH
[OH ]
HTHH

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Acidbase indicators mark the end point of titrations by magically turning a different color. Explain the magic behind acidbase indicators.
When 40.00 mL of a weak monoprotic acid solution is titrated with 0.100-M NaOH, the equivalence point is reached when 35.00 mL base has been added. After 20.00 mL NaOH solution has been added, the titration mixture has a pH of 5.75. Calculate the ionization constant of the acid.
When a diprotic acid. H2A. is titrated with NaOH, the protons on the diprotic acid are generally removed one at a time, resulting in a pH curve that has the following generic shape: a. Notice that the plot has essentially two titration curves. If the first equivalence point occurs at 100.0 mL NaOH added, what volume of NaOH added corresponds to the second equivalence point? b. For the following volumes of NaOH added, list the major species present after the OH reacts completely. i. 0 mL NaOH added ii. between 0 and 100.0 mL NaOH added iii. 100.0 mL NaOH added iv. between 100.0 and 200.0 mL NaOH added v. 200.0 mL NaOH added vi. after 200.0 mL NaOH added c. If die pH at 50.0 mL NaOH added is 4.0 and the pH at 150.0 mL NaOH added is 8.0, determine the values Ka and Ka. for the diprotic acid. d.
Consider the titration of 100.0 mL of 0.100 M HCN by 0.100 M KOH at 25C. (Ka for HCN = 6.2 1010.) a. Calculate the pH after 0.0 mL of KOH has been added. b. Calculate the pH after 50.0 mL of KOH has been added. c. Calculate the pH after 75.0 mL of KOH has been added. d. Calculate the pH at the equivalence point. e. Calculate the pH after 125 mL of KOH has been added.
Instead of the titration of a strong acid by a strong base considered in Question 5, consider the titration of a strong base by a strong acid. Compare and contrast a strong acidstrong base titration with a strong basestrong acid titration.
a Draw a pH titration curve that represents the titration of 25.0 mL of 0.15 M propionic acid. CH3CH2COOH, by the addition of 0.15 M KOH from a buret. Label the axes and put a scale on each axis. Show where the equivalence point and the buffer region are on the titration curve. You should do calculations for the 0%, 50%, 60%, and 100% titration points. b Is the solution neutral, acidic, or basic at the equivalence point? Why?
Draw the general titration curve for a strong acid titrated by a strong base. At the various points in the titration, list the major species present before any reaction takes place and the major species present after any reaction takes place. What reaction takes place in a strong acidstrong base titration? How do you calculate the pH at the various points along the curve? What is the pH at the equivalence point for a strong acidstrong base titration? Why?
Malonic acid (HO2CCH2CO2H) is a diprotic acid. In the titration of malonic acid w ith NaOH, stoichiometric points occur at pH = 3.9 and 8.8. A 25.00-mL sample of malonic acid of unknown concentration is titrated with 0.0984 M NaOH, requiring 31.50 mL of the NaOH solution to reach the phenolphthalein end point. Calculate the concentration of the initial malonic acid solution. (Sec Exercise 113.)
a Draw a pH titration curve that represents the titration of 50.0 mL of 0.10 M NH3 by the addition of 0.10 M HCl from a buret. Label the axes and put a scale on each axis. Show where the equivalence point and the buffer region are on the titration curve. You should do calculations for the 0%, 30%, 50%, and 100% titration points. b Is the solution neutral, acidic, or basic at the equivalence point? Why?
Sketch two pH curves, one for the titration of a weak acid with a strong base and one for a strong acid with a strong base. How are they similar? How are they different? Account for the similarities and the differences.

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