Answered: Rank the following compounds in order…

Rank the following compounds in order of increasing acidity for the hydrogen specified. Explain your ranking based on relative stability of the conjugate bases. H H

Introductory Chemistry For Today

8th Edition

ISBN:9781285644561

Author:Seager

Publisher:Seager

Chapter9: Acids, Bases, And Salts

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 9.16E

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Concept explainers

Ionic Equilibrium

Chemical equilibrium and ionic equilibrium are two major concepts in chemistry. Ionic equilibrium deals with the equilibrium involved in an ionization process while chemical equilibrium deals with the equilibrium during a chemical change. Ionic equilibrium is established between the ions and unionized species in a system. Understanding the concept of ionic equilibrium is very important to answer the questions related to certain chemical reactions in chemistry.

Arrhenius Acid

Arrhenius acid act as a good electrolyte as it dissociates to its respective ions in the aqueous solutions. Keeping it similar to the general acid properties, Arrhenius acid also neutralizes bases and turns litmus paper into red.

Bronsted Lowry Base In Inorganic Chemistry

Bronsted-Lowry base in inorganic chemistry is any chemical substance that can accept a proton from the other chemical substance it is reacting with.

Question

Paylben

Rank the following compounds in order of increasing acidity for the hydrogen specified.
Explain your ranking based on relative stability of the conjugate bases.
H
H
H

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As we shall see in Chapter 19, hydrogens on a carbon adjacent to a carbonyl group are far more acidic than those not adjacent to a carbonyl group. The anion derived from acetone, for example, is more stable than is the anion derived from ethane. Account for the greater stability of the anion from acetone.
Complete the equation for the reaction between each Lewis acid-base pair. In each equation, label which starting material is the Lewis acid and which is the Lewis base; use curved arrows to show the flow of electrons in each reaction. In doing this problem, it is essential that you show valence electrons for all atoms participating in each reaction. (a) (b) (c) (d)
The following are equivalent ways of asking about the acidity of an H atom: • What is the most acidic H on the molecule? • Which H is associated with the published pKa value? • Which H on the molecule is easiest to remove? • Which H on the molecule takes the least energy to remove? • Which bond to an H is most polarized? • For which H atom is removal least uphill in energy? • Which bond to an H atom, when broken, results in the lowest PE conjugate base? We will often find the last of these questions is easiest to answer. To do this, find all the different Hatoms on the molecule, and draw all possible conjugate bases.Only the lowest-energy one is the “real” conjugate base. Identify this structure, and you have found the most acidic H. Use this strategy to find the most acidic H on each of the following molecules. Note: Each structure hasat least three different kinds of H’s, so draw at least three unique conjugate bases for each.
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Rank the following compounds in terms of increasing acidity (least acidic first). Explain your ranking. Making sure to say which hydrogen in each molecule is the most acidic, and discuss the relative stability of the conjugate bases.
You can identify relative strengths of acidity of molecules using key factors such as those in the mnemonic CARIO (Charge, Atom, Resonance, Inductivity, and Orbitals). Using this mnemonic, rank these structures in order of acidity of the indicated protons (least acidic to most acidic).
2-Hydroxybutanedioic acid occurs naturally in apples and other fruits. Rank the labeled protons in 2-hydroxybutanedioic acid in order of increasing acidity.
Which of the following anions is the stronger base? Explain your choice.
Rank the attached compounds in order of increasing acidity, and then ranktheir conjugate bases in order of increasing basicity ?
Arrange the following compounds based on their increasing acidity. Write 1 for weakest acid, 2 for the next, then 3, then 4 and 5 for strongest acid,
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Rank the following acids in order from weakest acid to strongest acid. Explain why you ranked the acids in the designated order. Your answer should include, if applicable, reasons based in inductive effects, resonance (electron donating groups vs electron withdrawing groups), etc.