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- The rate law for addition of Br2 to an alkene is first orderin Br2 and first order in the alkene. Does this informationsuggest that the mechanism of addition of Br2 to analkene proceeds in the same manner as for addition of HBr?Explain.(B). Write the chemical reactions of 2-chloro-2-methylbutane with the following two sets of reagents/experimental conditions given below. In each case, denote the type of the chemical reaction: (i). NaOH/H2O/heat: (ii). NaOH/CH3CH2OH/heat:1. One version of canola oil is (C15H29CO2)3C3H5. (a) Write the transesterification chemical equation (similar to Eq. 12-7) for canola oil. (b) How much canola oil will be required to produce one ton of biodiesel? 2. Write the chemical reaction equations for hexene (C6H12), butanol (C4H9OH), and heptane (C7H₁6) for the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis process. If appropriate, the value of "n" must be used in a chemical equation.
- (a) A sample of aspirin (acetyl salicyclic acid) of molecular mass 180, on analysis was found to contain60% carbon, 4.4% hydrogen and 35.6% oxygeni.Determine the empirical formula of aspirinii. What is the molecular formula of aspirin?iii. State the technique that can be used to determine the molecular weight of aspirinb) i. Given the structure of all the isomers of a compound with molecular formula C3H6Cl2ii. Which structure(s) in b(i) is(are) optically active?4) Benzene, CeH6, can be described as an aromatic substance and is a starting material for many organic processes as seen in the following. NO₂ benzene Compound B Compound A Compound C a) Provide details of the bonding structure of benzene and sketch a diagram to show (3) this. b) For any one of these reactions above: 1) State the reagents required and include the details of the formation of the (3) reactive species required to start the reaction. ii) Provide details of the reaction mechanism for this chemical process making clear any intermediates formed. (3) c) in the context of benzene chemistry, a halogen substituent can be described as weakly activating. Explain the impact this has on the reaction rate of compound B relative to benzene in these types of reactions and provide a reason for this effect (3) faming sulfuric acid2. (a) The heat of combustion of liquid benzaldehyde (C6H5CHO) is -3393 kJ/mole, and that of liquid 2,4,6-cycloheptatrien-1-one (C₂H6O) is -3470 kJ/mole. Assume that both combustions result in products, CO2 and H₂O, that are entirely in the gas phase. Using the standard chemical equation for the combustion of a hydrocarbon, find the heats of formation (in kJ/mol) for both benzaldehyde and 2,4,6-cycloheptatrien-1-one in the liquid phase. (b) Consider the isomerization from 2,4,6-cycloheptatrien-1-one to benzaldehyde. What is the enthalpy change (in kJ/mol) for this reaction? Is it endothermic or exothermic? (c) If ArxnS = -18 J/mol-K for the isomerization reaction, find ArxnG at 350 K (in kJ/mol) and determine if it is spontaneous in the liquid phase at this temperature. For this calculation, you may assume that ArxnH and ArxnS are constant between 300 and 350 K.
- (Q1) What do you understand by the term selectivity, activity and stability in catalytic processes?6) +1 eq. HBr (add slowly to organic) 7) Br heat + CH;CO,H (solvent acetic acid)Alkenes can be converted into alcohols by acid-catalyzed addition of water. Assuming that Markovnikov's rule is valid, predict the major alcohol product from the following alkene. • You do not have to consider stereochemistry. • In cases where there is more than one answer, just draw one. • Remember to consider hydride and alkyl shifts. Sn [F ?
- The application of carbon isotope data in organic geochemistry them. are grouped into two broad types. NameAlthough benzene is normally written with three double bonds, benzene is not reactive towards many reagents that alkenes normally react with. This lack of reactivity can be explained by the unusual stability created by cyclic conjugation. (i) describe at least one of the physical properties of benzene that demonstrates how the true structure of benzene does match the way the structure is normally written (ii) explain how the unusual stability of benzenecan demonstrated by its thermodynamic properties through some form of experiment. (iii) include an appropriately labeled diagram as part of your answer (you do not have to quote any numerical values)(c) (d) Н (e) НО HO ОН н Na₂Cr₂O7 H2SO4, H2O 1. LiAIH4 2. H2O workup 3. PCC 4. (Ph)3PCH2 OH H2SO4 (catalytic)