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- Explain this more What is the tradeoff however with each pass? Answer here: Minimum 200 words addressing tradeoffs. I’m understanding this question, in the way that if we apply ciphers multiple times using the same key then it will either completely negate encryption an even number of encryptions attempts or only apply it once for an odd number of encryption attempts. If we have a secure password, then we can focus on protocols and systems instead of passwordsThe security scheme for IEEE 802.11, prior to 11i, was Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP). WEP assumed all devices on the network share a security key. The purpose of the authentication scenario is for the STA to prove that it possesses the security key. Authentication proceeds as shown in Figure 24.13 What are the benefits of the authentication scheme? The authentication scheme is incomplete. What is missing and why is it important? What is a cryptographic weakness of this scheme?What is the difference between Non-Repudiation and Anonymity Protocols? Explain the Non-Repudiation Protocol's Goals and the Zhou-Gollman Non-Repudiation Protocol.
- a) A Man-in-the-Middle attack can be successfully performed on the Diffie-Hellman key exchange protocol in which the adversary generates two public-private key pairs for the attack. Could the same attack be accomplished with one pair? Justify and explain with detailed steps of the scenario.Design a security protocol that will allow a Mutually Agreed Session key (Kabc) to be established between three entities A, B and C. This key can then be used to secure a chat between the three entities. I want you to develop your own design based on the conditions below.Note: The session key should NOT be known to the Chat Server (S) and the Chat Server (S) can only forward the encrypted messages to A, B and C and S cannot read the messages. The secure chat between entities A, B and C must use the Chat Server (S) and session key Kabc as below: (refer image)i.e. A, B and C Do NOT communicate directly. The following conditions apply to your protocol design.1. A, B and C Never communicate directly. 2. Each entity (A, B, C and S) have a Public Key Certificate, ie. CA<<A>>, CA<<B>>, CA<<C>> and CA<<S>>. 3. The Chat Server, S, has access to all Entity Certificates that use its service and can provide these Certificate to its service users if…Subject is secure communication Two Bank employers (Mr.(A) and Mr.(B)) created a Secure channel to transfer their bank credentials, their communication engineer's advisor suggested (!) using RSA Algorithm as an encryption cipher. Mr.(A) and Mr.(B) chose the secret parameters as in Table (1). Table (1) Mr.(A) Mr.(B) 11 13 7 Clearly, show the solution steps for the following questions: Suppose that Mr.(A) sent the message (Transferred) to Mr.(B), and Mr.(B) then replied by a message (Received), find the encrypted message for the first TWO letters only, i.e. (Tr for the first case and Re for the second one.
- Problem 0. Describe at least three ways to use a cryptographic hash function in the context of network security. For each usage, say what properties of crypto hashes are leveraged, and what is achieved.The main characteristic of the Public Key Infrastructure (ICP) – or Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) – is that it uses a pair of keys, public and private, to provide the underlying security services. Regarding aspects related to the security of a cryptographic system, analyze the following statements. I. Typically, what compromises the security of a cryptographic model has less to do with the design of that model and more to do with poor key management. II. Private keys must remain secret from all parties involved, throughout their lifecycle, including the owners of those keys, which is why they are also called secret keys. III. Because public keys are in the open domain they can be tampered with, there is no guarantee that a public key is correct. The infrastructure by which they are managed must be trusted. IV. A public key infrastructure (or Public Key Infrastructure - PKI) guarantees some aspects related to the life cycle of a public key, such as generation, installation and…Alice wants to set up a business company that securely deals with her clients. Bob is a potential client that Alice wants to have a good connection. As a security consultant, your job is to devise a plan to establish a secure information exchange. The assumption is made that Alice and Bob already have their public and public keys; (PrivA, PubA) and (PrivB, PubB) respectively, and both of them have exchanged their public key beforehand. Your plan includes comprehensive protocols to secure all messages, according to Alice’s requirements below. Discuss following 3 in relation with Asymmetric Encryption . i) Integrity: Alice and Bob want to make sure that every message sent cannot be forged by anyone. ii) Authenticity: Alice and Bob can verify that messages actually came from iii) Confidentiality: Alice exchanges business-related documents with Bob in a way, so that Alice and Bob may open, read or modify the documents.
- Alice wants to set up a business company that securely deals with her clients. Bob is a potential client that Alice wants to have a good connection. As a security consultant, your job is to devise a plan to establish a secure information exchange. The assumption is made that Alice and Bob already have their public and public keys; (PrivA, PubA) and (PrivB, PubB) respectively, and both of them have exchanged their public key beforehand. Your plan includes comprehensive protocols to secure all messages, according to Alice’s requirements below. Discuss your answers. i) Integrity: Alice and Bob want to make sure that every message sent cannot be forged by anyone. ii) Authenticity: Alice and Bob can verify that messages actually came from them iii) Confidentiality: Alice exchanges business-related documents with Bob in a way, so that Alice and Bob may open, read or modify the documents.Computer Science Explain how the adversary can modify a ciphertext generated using a block cipher (e.g., AES) in CBC mode in such a way that the change in the cor-responding message is small and easily predictable for the adversary. (The adversary has no access to the decryption key.)Let's pretend that a company's authentication system uses the Kerberos protocol. In the event of an authentication server (AS) or ticket granting server (TGS) failure, security and service availability might be jeopardized.