Properties of Viruses Obligate intracellular parasites of bacteria, protozoa, fungi, algae, plants, and animals • Ultramicroscopic size, ranging from 20 nm up to 450 nm (diameter) • Not cellular in nature; structure is very compact and economical • Do not independently fulfill the characteristics of life • Inactive macromolecules outside the host cell and active only inside host cells Basic structure consists of protein shell (capsid) surrounding nucleic acid core • Nucleic acid of the viral genome is either DNA or RNA but not both • Nucleic acid can be double-stranded DNA, single-stranded DNA, single-stranded RNA, or double-stranded RNA • Molecules on virus surface impart high specificity for attachment to host cell • Multiply by taking control of host cell's genetic material and regulating the synthesis and assembly of new viruses • Lack enzymes for most metabolic processes Lack machinery for synthesizing proteins

Properties of Viruses Obligate intracellular parasites of bacteria, protozoa, fungi, algae, plants, and animals • Ultramicroscopic size, ranging from 20 nm up to 450 nm (diameter) • Not cellular in nature; structure is very compact and economical • Do not independently fulfill the characteristics of life • Inactive macromolecules outside the host cell and active only inside host cells Basic structure consists of protein shell (capsid) surrounding nucleic acid core • Nucleic acid of the viral genome is either DNA or RNA but not both • Nucleic acid can be double-stranded DNA, single-stranded DNA, single-stranded RNA, or double-stranded RNA • Molecules on virus surface impart high specificity for attachment to host cell • Multiply by taking control of host cell's genetic material and regulating the synthesis and assembly of new viruses • Lack enzymes for most metabolic processes Lack machinery for synthesizing proteins

Biology (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781337392938

Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Publisher:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Chapter24: Viruses And Subviral Agents

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 10TYU: Arrange the following list into the correct sequence for part of the cycle of a retrovirus: 1. dsDNA...

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