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Portland Cement is manufactured by the dry process conforming to the following specifications: Lime Saturation Ratio Iron Ratio = Al₂O3 Fе₂03 Component Cao Fe₂O3 Al₂O3 SiO₂ (CaO +1.5 Mg0 – 0.7 S03)100 2.85 Si0₂ +1.18 Al203 +0.65 Fe203 = 2 Magnesia, MgO should not exceed 1.5% and Sulfur as SO3 is 2.2% by wt Silica content of 24% by wt is acceptable The above čement is manufactured in a rotary kiln using limestone and clay as raw materials mixed in 75:25 proportion by weight. Analysis of Raw Materials MgO CO₂ Limestone,% 54.5 0.42 0.83 1.72 0.85 41.68 100 Clay, % 7.13 7.68 17.15 55.14 92 2.16 10.74 100 In the kiln, coal is added to supply heat of combustion. Coal contains 67.2%C, 4% H, 1.7% S, 2.2% 0 , 2.6% H₂O and 22.3% ash. Its gross calorific value is 25.62 MJ/kg on a dry ash-free basis. Air supplied is 10% in excess at 27°C, 100 kPa and 75% RH. The stack gas contains 23.5% CO₂ . The clinker is cooled and gypsum (essentially pure CaSO4) amounting to 3% its mass is added. The final mixture is crushed to the desired fineness to produce 1000 kg/hr of Portland cement. Calculate: a. The composition of Portland cement b. Hydraulic modulus of cement c. Lime-silica ratio

Portland Cement is manufactured by the dry process conforming to the following specifications: Lime Saturation Ratio Iron Ratio = Al₂O3 Fе₂03 Component Cao Fe₂O3 Al₂O3 SiO₂ (CaO +1.5 Mg0 – 0.7 S03)100 2.85 Si0₂ +1.18 Al203 +0.65 Fe203 = 2 Magnesia, MgO should not exceed 1.5% and Sulfur as SO3 is 2.2% by wt Silica content of 24% by wt is acceptable The above čement is manufactured in a rotary kiln using limestone and clay as raw materials mixed in 75:25 proportion by weight. Analysis of Raw Materials MgO CO₂ Limestone,% 54.5 0.42 0.83 1.72 0.85 41.68 100 Clay, % 7.13 7.68 17.15 55.14 92 2.16 10.74 100 In the kiln, coal is added to supply heat of combustion. Coal contains 67.2%C, 4% H, 1.7% S, 2.2% 0 , 2.6% H₂O and 22.3% ash. Its gross calorific value is 25.62 MJ/kg on a dry ash-free basis. Air supplied is 10% in excess at 27°C, 100 kPa and 75% RH. The stack gas contains 23.5% CO₂ . The clinker is cooled and gypsum (essentially pure CaSO4) amounting to 3% its mass is added. The final mixture is crushed to the desired fineness to produce 1000 kg/hr of Portland cement. Calculate: a. The composition of Portland cement b. Hydraulic modulus of cement c. Lime-silica ratio

Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
8th Edition
ISBN:9781259696527
Author:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Publisher:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Chapter1: Introduction
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1.1P
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Portland Cement is manufactured by the dry process conforming to the following specifications: Lime Saturation Ratio: - (CaO +1.5 Mg0 - 0.7 SO3)100 2.85 SiO₂ + 1.18Al2O3 + 0.65 Fe₂03 92 Iron Ratio = Al₂O3 = 2 Fe₂03 Magnesia, MgO should not exceed 1.5% and Sulfur as SO3 is 2.2% by wt Silica content of 24% by wt is acceptable The above cement is manufactured in a rotary kiln using limestone and clay as raw materials mixed in 75:25 proportion by weight. Analysis of Raw Materials Component Limestone,% Clay, % CaO 54.5 7.13 Fe₂O3 0.42 7.68 Al₂O3 0.83 17.15 SiO₂ 1.72 55.14 MgO 0.85 2.16 CO₂ 41.68 10.74 100 100 In the kiln, coal is added to supply heat of combustion. Coal contains 67.2%C, 4% H, 1.7% S, 2.2% 0, 2.6% H₂O and 22.3% ash. Its gross calorific value is 25.62 MJ/kg on a dry ash-free basis. Air supplied is 10% in excess at 27°C, 100 kPa and 75% RH. The stack gas contains 23.5% CO₂. The clinker is cooled and gypsum (essentially pure CaSO4) amounting to 3% its mass is added. The final mixture is crushed to the desired fineness to produce 1000 kg/hr of Portland cement. Calculate: a. The composition of Portland cement b. Hydraulic modulus of cement Lime-silica ratio C.
Transcribed Image Text:Portland Cement is manufactured by the dry process conforming to the following specifications: Lime Saturation Ratio: - (CaO +1.5 Mg0 - 0.7 SO3)100 2.85 SiO₂ + 1.18Al2O3 + 0.65 Fe₂03 92 Iron Ratio = Al₂O3 = 2 Fe₂03 Magnesia, MgO should not exceed 1.5% and Sulfur as SO3 is 2.2% by wt Silica content of 24% by wt is acceptable The above cement is manufactured in a rotary kiln using limestone and clay as raw materials mixed in 75:25 proportion by weight. Analysis of Raw Materials Component Limestone,% Clay, % CaO 54.5 7.13 Fe₂O3 0.42 7.68 Al₂O3 0.83 17.15 SiO₂ 1.72 55.14 MgO 0.85 2.16 CO₂ 41.68 10.74 100 100 In the kiln, coal is added to supply heat of combustion. Coal contains 67.2%C, 4% H, 1.7% S, 2.2% 0, 2.6% H₂O and 22.3% ash. Its gross calorific value is 25.62 MJ/kg on a dry ash-free basis. Air supplied is 10% in excess at 27°C, 100 kPa and 75% RH. The stack gas contains 23.5% CO₂. The clinker is cooled and gypsum (essentially pure CaSO4) amounting to 3% its mass is added. The final mixture is crushed to the desired fineness to produce 1000 kg/hr of Portland cement. Calculate: a. The composition of Portland cement b. Hydraulic modulus of cement Lime-silica ratio C.
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