Please describe the transportation of glucose after a meal when glucose is plentiful outside cells? How is the transport protein that would transport glucose called? What would be the direction of transportation? Would it be active or passive transport? What would be driving force for the glucose transport: chemical gradient or electrochemical gradient?

Please describe the transportation of glucose after a meal when glucose is plentiful outside cells? How is the transport protein that would transport glucose called? What would be the direction of transportation? Would it be active or passive transport? What would be driving force for the glucose transport: chemical gradient or electrochemical gradient?

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter3: The Plasma Membrane And Membrane Potential

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 4UC

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(b) The GLUT system is highly selective for glucose. It also speeds up the rate of glucose transport across the membrane by as much as 100-fold when compared to the passive diffusion of glucose across a bilayer in the absence of any transport system. While impressive, this rate of transport is much slower than purely diffusion limited rate of movement (ie. the fastest a molecule can move by diffusion). Given this fact, on the blank plot below draw the expected relationship between the rate of GLUT-mediated transport and increasing [glucose]? Use the space below the graph to explain your answer. fast Transport Rate slow low [glucose] high (c) Next, use a dashed line on the same plot above to draw the shape of the curve when the amount of GLUT transporters in the membrane is cut in half. Briefly explain your answer in the space provided below the graph.
When blood glucose level rises, the pancreas secretes insulin, and as a result blood glucose level declines. When blood glucose level is low, the pancreas secretes glucagon, and as a result blood glucose level rises. Such regulation of blood glucose level is the result of A reproduction thermal regulation community homeostasis 2,279 12 tv N MacBook Air DII DD F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F8 F9 F10 F1 @ %23 24 2 6. %3D * CO
Name the three classes of membrane transport proteins. Explain which one or ones of these classes is able to move glucose and which can move bicarbonate (HCO3 −) against an electrochemical gradient. In the case of bicarbonate, but not glucose, the ΔG of the transport process has two terms.What are these two terms, and why does the second not apply to glucose? Why are cotransporters often referred to as examples of secondary active transport?
Name the three classes of membrane transport proteins. Explain which one or ones of these classes is able to move glucose and which can move bicarbonate (HCO3−) against an electrochemical gradient. In the case of bicarbonate, but not glucose, the ΔG of the transport process has two terms. What are these two terms, and why does the second not apply to glucose? Why are cotransporters often referred to as examples of secondary active transport?
The Na+ /glucose symport transports glucose from the lumen of the smallintestine into cells lining the lumen. Transport of 1 glucose molecule isdirectly coupled to the transport of 1 Na+ ion into the cell. 1 Na+out + 1 glucoseout → 1 Na+in + 1 glucoseinAssume the following conditions at 37 °C: [Na+]in = 12 mM, [Na+]out =145 mM, [glucose]out = 28 μM, and Δψ = -72 mV (inside negative).(a) What is ΔG for transport of Na+ from outside to inside under theseconditions?(b) What is the upper limit for [glucose]in under these conditions?(c) Which of the two hypothetical symports shown below (A or B) wouldachieve the highest concentration of [glucose]in under the conditionsdescribed above? Briefly explain your choice. A: 1 Na+out + 2 glucoseout → 1 Na+in + 2 glucosein B: 2 Na+out + 1 glucoseout → 2 Na+in + 1 glucosein
Uniporters and ion channels support facilitated transport across cellular membranes. Although both are examples of facilitated transport, the rates of ion movement via an ion channel are roughly 104 - to 105 -fold faster than the rates of molecule movement via a uniporter. What key mechanisticdifference results in this large difference in transport rate?What contribution to free energy (ΔG) determines the direction of transport?
Movement of glucose from one side to the other side of the intestinal epithelium is a major example of transcellular transport. How does the Na+/K+ ATPase power the process? Why are tight junctions essential for the process? Why is localization of the transporters specifically in the apicalor basolateral membrane crucial for transcellular transport? Rehydration supplements such as sport drinks include a sugar and a salt. Why are both important to rehydration?
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Distinguish between simple diffusion (SD), facilitated diffusion (FD), and active transport (AT) across a membrane for the following questions. (a) Which processes are energy dependent? (b) Which processes need some kind of carrier protein(s)? (c) Which processes can be saturated by substrate? (d) Which processes can establish a concentration gradient? (e) How much energy does it take to transport an uncharged substrate in, if its starting inside concentration is 10-fold greater than outside?
23.Summarize the steps that occur to set up secondary transport (co-transport) and during co-transport. Practice by drawing in circled numbers in the images below to match the steps I have summarized below. [Gluc [Na] low Na high Na ATP 1. Three Na' ions inside the cell move OUT of the cell, across the Na*K* pump, from a low to a high concentration (AGAINST their concentration gradient). This requires the energy of ATP. This sets up the concentration gradient needed in the next step (the next step requires a low Nation concentration INSIDE the cell) 2. Nations in the interstitial fluid = extracellular fluid (fluid surrounding the cell) move INTO the cell, across a co-transport protein. The ions move from a high to a low concentration (DOWN their concentration gradient). This RELEASES energy. This energy is used in the next step. 3. Glucose in the interstitial fluid moves INTO the cell, across a co-transport protein, from a low to a high concentration (AGAINST their concentration…
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