Part II: Human Impacts There are many threats to the golden lion tamarin (GLT) population. These threats include logging, urbanization and increased agriculture as well as mining and land development. Only about 7% of the former Atlantic Forest remains, and where it does exist, it is highly fragmented and subject to fuelwood harvesting and illegal logging. In 1969, the number of golden lion tamarin individuals in the Atlantic Forest was found to have dropped to a low of 150 individuals. The species was listed as endangered by the IUCN in 1982, and by 1984, the National Zoological Park in Washington, D.C. and the World Wide Fund for Nature began a reintroduction program with 140 zoos cooperating worldwide. Despite the success of the project, the IUCN classification rose to Critically Endangered in 1996. By 2003, the successful establishment of a new population at Uniao Biological Reserve enabled downgrading the species to endangered, but the IUCN warns that extreme deforestation means the wild population has little potential for any further expansion. In an attempt to curb the golden lion tamarin's decline, several conservation programs have been undertaken. The intent is to strengthen the wild population and maintain a secure captive population in zoos worldwide. The survival rate of re-introduced animals has been encouraging, but destruction of unprotected habitat continues. Rapidly expanding international trade and travel coupled with ongoing changes in land use and climate in Brazil has had far-reaching effects on the diversity of native flora and fauna as nonnative species are introduced and are either purposely cultivated or thrive and outcompete other species. Problematic new plant species include pine species, sand olive, guava tree, white ginger, and eucalyptus. When these are planted, they replace native species and often spread so successfully that they create vast areas of monocultures. Golden lion tamarins have not evolved with these species and cannot always use the fruits the plants bear for food and may be restricted from moving within or around vast tracts of these plants. Q1. The causes of species endangerment are referred to as the "HIPPO dilemma" (Habitat loss, Introduced species, Pollution, Population growth, and Over-consumption). Which two of the HIPPO factors appear to be affecting the golden lion tamarins most? (Highlight/circle your two choices) a. Habitat Loss c. Pollution b. Introduced Species e. Over-consumption d. Population Growth Cite specific evidence from the reading that supports your answer for each factor. 1. 2.

Part II: Human Impacts There are many threats to the golden lion tamarin (GLT) population. These threats include logging, urbanization and increased agriculture as well as mining and land development. Only about 7% of the former Atlantic Forest remains, and where it does exist, it is highly fragmented and subject to fuelwood harvesting and illegal logging. In 1969, the number of golden lion tamarin individuals in the Atlantic Forest was found to have dropped to a low of 150 individuals. The species was listed as endangered by the IUCN in 1982, and by 1984, the National Zoological Park in Washington, D.C. and the World Wide Fund for Nature began a reintroduction program with 140 zoos cooperating worldwide. Despite the success of the project, the IUCN classification rose to Critically Endangered in 1996. By 2003, the successful establishment of a new population at Uniao Biological Reserve enabled downgrading the species to endangered, but the IUCN warns that extreme deforestation means the wild population has little potential for any further expansion. In an attempt to curb the golden lion tamarin's decline, several conservation programs have been undertaken. The intent is to strengthen the wild population and maintain a secure captive population in zoos worldwide. The survival rate of re-introduced animals has been encouraging, but destruction of unprotected habitat continues. Rapidly expanding international trade and travel coupled with ongoing changes in land use and climate in Brazil has had far-reaching effects on the diversity of native flora and fauna as nonnative species are introduced and are either purposely cultivated or thrive and outcompete other species. Problematic new plant species include pine species, sand olive, guava tree, white ginger, and eucalyptus. When these are planted, they replace native species and often spread so successfully that they create vast areas of monocultures. Golden lion tamarins have not evolved with these species and cannot always use the fruits the plants bear for food and may be restricted from moving within or around vast tracts of these plants. Q1. The causes of species endangerment are referred to as the "HIPPO dilemma" (Habitat loss, Introduced species, Pollution, Population growth, and Over-consumption). Which two of the HIPPO factors appear to be affecting the golden lion tamarins most? (Highlight/circle your two choices) a. Habitat Loss c. Pollution b. Introduced Species e. Over-consumption d. Population Growth Cite specific evidence from the reading that supports your answer for each factor. 1. 2.

Biology 2e

2nd Edition

ISBN:9781947172517

Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Publisher:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Chapter45: Population And Community Ecology

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 22RQ: The first species to live on new land, such as that formed from volcanic lava, are called__________....

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