Organic compounds (a) A simple molecule with alternating single and double bonds is buta-1,3-diene (i) Draw its skeletal structure. (ii) Write its molecular formula and empirical formula. (iii) How many carbon atoms have sp2 hybridization in buta-1,3-diene?
Q: Describe the bonding in 1,3-butadiene using hybrid orbitals.
A: The structure for 1,3-butadiene is, 1,3-butadiene consist of conjugated system where two double…
Q: Element X is an element in period 5. Identify X given that in the molecule XF2 it exhibits…
A: Given element is from period 5. Element X undergoing sp3 hybridization.
Q: The existence of compounds of the noble gases was once a great surprise and stimulated a great deal…
A:
Q: What is the shape and hybridisation of IF5 ?
A: According to VSEPR theory, hybridization determines the molecular geometry of the compound. The…
Q: . Both the simple VB model and the LCAO method predictthat the bond order of Be2 is 0. Explain how…
A: Concept introduction: According to the valence bond theory, electrons in molecules occupy atomic…
Q: What is the hybridization state of the Beryllium in BeClBr? And is this a polar or nonpolar…
A:
Q: what is the hybridization of I in IF4+?
A: The central atom in IF4+ is I.I belongs to halogen family. Its outer shell elctronic configuration…
Q: swer the following: Draw the molecular orbital diagram of F₂². Write the MO electron configuration…
A:
Q: What is the point group of XeOF2 (Xe is the central atom) ?
A: In XeOF2 the central atom Xe undergo SP3d hybridization. Xe contains two lone pairs. So, the…
Q: Sketch the molecular orbital energy level diagram for XeF and deduce its ground-state electron…
A: A molecular orbital diagram is a representation that is used to describe the formation of chemical…
Q: What is the hybridization of the central phosphorus atom of PO43− ?
A: Hybridization can be calculated from the given formula : Hybridization = 1/2( V + m - c +a) Where V…
Q: 1. What is the hybridization of each non-hydrogen atom? Describe the indicated bond in terms of…
A: Here the non hydrogen atoms are carbon.we give number to different carbon center for better…
Q: What is the hybridization of the central atom in the bromodifluoride ( BrF, ) anion?
A: In BrF2- anion, Br is the Central atom.
Q: What is the bond order of N23 according to molecular orbital theory?
A: Electronic configuration of N23- according to MOT: Total number of electrons = 14 + 3 = 17 σ1s2…
Q: What is the distinction between a bond dipole and a moleculardipole moment?
A: Bond dipole is defined as the dipole moment of a particular bond due to the difference in the…
Q: For the following molecule, write the Lewis structure, predict the molecular structure (including…
A: Since in the molecule we have Kr as centre atom with 8 valence electron 2 of them are used in…
Q: A 0.325 g sample of a gaseous hydrocarbon (compound containing carbon and hydrogen only) occupies a…
A: Given: The given mass of, (m)=0.325 g The volume ,(V)= 193 mL=0.193 L. The temperature,…
Q: (b) In the construction of the molecular orbital diagram of a polyatomic molecule (SF6), 12 valence…
A: In the MO diagram of a polyatomic molecule SF6, there are 12 valence electrons in total. The…
Q: What is the state of hybridization of boron and oxygen atoms in boric acid?
A: The hybridization can be described as the process in which intermixing of two same energy level of…
Q: Draw the Lewis structure of periodate (IO₄⁻) with minimized formal charges and then determine the…
A:
Q: What are the bond angles around heteroatoms and non-sp3 hybridised C atoms in C14H23NO ?
A: The given compound is C14H23NO.
Q: what is the hybridisation of Co in [CoF6]^3- ?
A: The atomic number of cobalt is 27.The electronic configuration of Cobalt is given as below:
Q: What atomic or hybrid orbitals make up the bond between C and O in carbon dioxide, CO2 ?
A: Chemical Bond: It is place where the electron density is high. Bonding can take place by sharing or…
Q: Please explain the scientific method with few words and write the lewis structure of PCl3, then…
A: First, we will draw the lewis structure of PCl3
Q: In the roots of legumes there are bacteria, which have the ability to trap atmospheric N2 by…
A: The process of conversion of nitrogen to ammonia by leguminous plants is known as nitrogen fixation.…
Q: Element X is an element in period 3. Identify X given that in the molecule XH3, it exhibits…
A:
Q: From what group must the terminal atoms come in an ABx molecule where the central atom is from Group…
A: Given,ABx is the molecule whose central atom is from group 7A.Electron domain geometry –…
Q: Iodine and oxygen form a complex series of ions, among them IO4^- and IO5^3-. Draw the Lewis…
A: 1) IO4- : The central atom in the ion is less electronegative element I with 7 valence electrons.…
Q: Write the va lence bond wavefunction of CH4 based on hybrid orbitals h on the carbon atom.
A: The 4 sp3 hybrid orbitals are: h1= φ2s+φ2px+φ2py+φ2pz h2= φ2s-φ2px-φ2py+φ2pz h3=…
Q: Draw the lewis structure for AsBr5 and state the parent geometry, molecular geometry, and…
A: We follow the below mentioned steps to draw Lewis diagram: Step-1: Count the total number of…
Q: .3. For each of the following, write the complete electron configuration, namely, 1s? etc. and…
A: Answer
Q: (a) Write a single Lewis structure for SO3 , and determine the hybridization at the S atom. (b) Are…
A: The representation in which the distribution of electrons around the atom in a molecule is shown by…
Q: What is the hybridization of the carbon atom in carbonyl iodide, 1,CO? Give a complete description…
A: VSEPR theory helps in the prediction of the geometry of a molecule on the basis of the number of…
Q: ow do valence bond theory and resonance and molecular orbital theory differ in their explanation of…
A: Given We know about valence bond theory and resonance and molecular orbital theory differ in their…
Q: A benzene molecule can be modeled as six carbon atoms arrangedin a regular hexagon in a plane. At…
A: Benzene as a regular hexagon planar molecule has 6 vertices. Each vertex of Carbon is attached with…
Q: What is the hybridization of the central atom in the boron trifluoride (BF, molecule?
A: Hybridization: The atomic orbitals that have comparable energy and different shape are mixed to give…
Q: The existence of compounds of the noble gases was once a great surprise and stimulated a great deal…
A:
Q: what is the geometrical shape of sp3d hybridization?
A: The geometric shape of sp3d hybridisation is trigonal bipyramidal.In sp3d hybridisation, it involves…
Q: (a) The nitric oxide molecule, NO, readily loses one electronto form the NO+ ion. Which of the…
A: a) NO molecule contains total 15 electrons. The molecular orbital electronic configuration of NO…
Q: Q.2 (a) Arrange the following in their increasing size with the help of slater's rule and also give…
A: Effective nuclear charge is defined as the actual charge that is experienced by an electron present…
Q: Allene (1,2-propadiene), H2C=C=CH2, has two adjacent double bonds. What kind of hybridization must…
A:
Q: 4. Justify the following statement: (i) The symmetric H-bonds are stronger than asymmetric ones
A: Symmetric hydrogen bonds are stronger than assymetric hydrogen bonds. The reason is as given below.
Q: The compound in which C uses only its sp, hybrid orbitals for bond formation is 28. (a) HCOOH (c)…
A: A carbon is called sp3 when it is attached through 4 other bonds .
Q: Describe the bonding in pyridine, C5H5N, using hybrid orbitals.
A: The bonding in pyridine using hybrid orbitals to be described.
Q: The following figures represent the binary hydrides of the elements of the second period of the p…
A: We are given the hydrides of different elements of p-block in period 2nd.
Q: Use group theory and the character table given to determine a qualitative molecular orbital energy…
A: H3O+ has the pyramidal shape as shown below: Its point group is C3v.
Q: What are the hybridizations of nitrogen in NF3 and NH3 respectively?
A: Hybridization is the mixing of valence atomic orbitals to get equivalent hybridized orbitals that…
Q: What is the hybridization of the central atom in BeH2 ?
A:
Step by step
Solved in 3 steps with 1 images
- (a) Triazine, C3 H3 N3, is like benzene except that in triazineevery other C¬H group is replaced by a nitrogen atom.Draw the Lewis structure(s) for the triazine molecule. (b) Estimatethe carbon–nitrogen bond distances in the ring.(a) Triazine, C3 H3 N3, is like benzene except that in triazineevery other C¬H group is replaced by a nitrogen atom. Draw the Lewis structure(s) for the triazine molecule. (b) Estimatethe carbon–nitrogen bond distances in the ring.The drawing below shows the overlap of two hybrid orbitalsto form a bond in a hydrocarbon. (a) Which of the followingtypes of bonds is being formed: (i) C¬C σ, (ii) C¬C π,or (iii) C¬H σ? (b) Which of the following could be theidentity of the hydrocarbon: (i) CH4, (ii) C2H6, (iii) C2H4, or(iv) C2H2?
- Propylene, C3H6, is a gas that is used to form the importantpolymer called polypropylene. Its Lewis structure is given. (a) What is the total number of valence electrons in the propylenemolecule? (b) How many valence electrons are usedto make σ bonds in the molecule? (c) How many valenceelectrons are used to make π bonds in the molecule? (d) Howmany valence electrons remain in nonbonding pairs in themolecule? (e) What is the hybridization at each carbon atomin the molecule?Chloral (Cl₃C—CH=O) forms a monohydrate, chloralhydrate, the sleep-inducing depressant called “knockout drops”in old movies. (a) Write two possible structures for chloral hy-drate, one involving hydrogen bonding and one that is a Lewis adduct. (b) What spectroscopic method could be used to identify the real structure? Explain.Describe the molecular geometry and hybridization of the N, P, or S atoms in each of the following compounds. (a) H3PO4, phosphoric acid, used in cola soft drinks (b) NH4NO3, ammonium nitrate, a fertilizer and explosive (c) S2Cl2, disulfur dichloride, used in vulcanizing rubber (d) K4[O3POPO3], potassium pyrophosphate, an ingredient in some toothpastes
- Describe the molecular geometry and hybridization of the N, P, or S atoms in each of the following compounds.(a) H3PO4, phosphoric acid, used in cola soft drinks(b) NH4NO3, ammonium nitrate, a fertilizer and explosive(c) S2Cl2, disulfur dichloride, used in vulcanizing rubber(d) K4[O3POPO3], potassium pyrophosphate, an ingredient in some toothpastesThe structure of caffeine is shown below. (a) Complete the Lewis structure. (b) How many pi bonds are present in caffeine? How many sigma bonds? (c) Identify the hybridization of the carbon atoms. (d) What is the value of the O-C-N angle?(a) What are trihalomethanes (THMs)? (b) Draw the Lewisstructures of two example THMs.
- Butadiene, C4H6, is a planar molecule that has the followingcarbon–carbon bond lengths: (a) Predict the bond angles around each of the carbon atoms and sketch the molecule. (b) From left to right, what is the hybridization of each carbon atom in butadiene? (c) The middle C—C bond length in butadiene (1.48 Å) is a little shorter than the average C—C single bond length (1.54 Å). Does this imply that the middle C—C bond in butadiene is weaker or stronger than the average C—C single bond? (d) Based on your answer for part (c), discuss what additional aspects of bonding in butadiene might support the shorter middle C—C bond.The valuable polymer polyurethane is made by a condensationreaction of alcohols (ROH) with compounds that containan isocyanate group (RNCO). Two reactions that cangenerate a urethane monomer are shown here: (a) Which process, i or ii, is greener? Explain.(b) What are the hybridization and geometry of the carbonatoms in each C-containing compound in each reaction?(c) If you wanted to promote the formation of the isocyanateintermediate in each reaction, what could you do,using Le Châtelier’s principle?For each of the following molecule: (i) draw the correct Lewis structure; (ii) determine the molecular geometry and the type of hybridization on the central atom, and (iii) predict whether the molecule is polar or nonpolar. (a) BrCl5