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- Electrons are continuously transferred from higher-energy carriers to lower-energy carriers in the electron transport chain, yet somehow iron is utilized as an electron carrier multiple times. Choose the most likely reason why this is possible. The pH of complex II is slightly higher than the pH of complex III. The reduction potential of flavin mononucleotide (FMN) in complex I is higher than the reduction potential of iron. The redox potential of iron ions can be manipulated by their environment. For instance, the iron in an iron-sulfur cluster will have a different redox potential than the iron in a heme group. The electrons carried by NADH are higher energy than the electrons carried by FADH2.Photolysis of water Select one: O Is called Hill Reaction. O All the choices are correct O Requires oxidant O Fills up electron loss in PSII O Splits water and liberates oxygenA recently discovered bacterium carries out ATP synthesis coupled to the flow of electrons through a chain of carriers to some electron acceptor. The components of its electron transfer chain differ from those found in mitochondria: they are listed below with their standard reduction potentials. Electron carriers in the newly discovered bacterium: Oxidant Reductant Electrons transferred E’ °(V) NAD+ NADH 2 -0.32 Flavoprotein b (oxidized) Flavoprotein b (reduced) 2 -0.62 cytochrome c (Fe3+) cytochrome c (Fe2+) 1 +0.22 Fe-S protein (oxidized) Fe-S protein (reduced) 2 +.89 flavoprotein a (oxidized) flavoprotein a (reduced) 2 +0.77 Place the electron carriers in the order in which they are most likely to act in carrying electrons Is it likely that O2 (for which E’ °=0.82 V) is the final electron acceptor in this organism? Why or why not? How would you calculate the maximum number of ATP molecules that could theoretically…
- Which of the below electron carriers is actually carrying electrons? O NADH O FAD ATP O NAD+An image of the electron transport chain is shown below. Which of the following statements about the electron transport chain is true? Choose the best answer. Protein complex of electron carriers H+ NADH (carrying electrons from food) Copyright © 2018 Pearson Canada Inc. NAD+ H+ III FADH₂ FAD Cyt c IV 2 H+ + 1/2O₂ 1 Electron transport chain H+ H₂O All of the other options are correct. Electrons have higher free energy when present in ubiquinone (shown as Q) than they do when they are present in cytochrome c (shown as Cyt c). The transport of protons from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space occurs by facilitated diffusion. Complex I and cytochrome c (shown as Cyt c) are peripheral membrane proteins.The image below shows ubiquinone. Shaded in yellow is the isoprenoid side chain, which remains unchanged during the electron transport chain. Despite this, what function does it serve? CH3 (CH₂-CH=C-CH₂) 10-H H3CO H3CO I DOO CH3 -- Select one: a. It is hydrophobic, allowing the molecule to be lipid-soluble so that it can diffuse through the membrane between complexe. b. It is hydrophilic, allowing the molecule to be water-soluble and diffuse in the intermembrane space between complexes C. It is hydrophobic, allowing successive molecules to cluster together at complex I d. It is hydrophilic, allowing optimal interaction in the matrix with NADH at complex I Report question issue Notes + 14:27 - CO
- You are trying to figure out an electron transport pathway including the following electron transport molecules: B, K, T, Q and X. You do so by employing inhibitors for various steps in the process. When you do, you get the following results: Inhibitor Electron Transport Molecules Trapped in Reduced Form Ticin Q & K Digitin K Estin T, K, Q & B Lucin Q, K & T What is the order of the molecules (the pathway) in the electron transport chain suggested by the above data from the most reduced to the least reduced molecule? only one answer options: K —> T —> B —> Q —> X K —> Q —> T —> B —> X T —> B —> K —> Q —> X X —> B —> T —> Q —> KWhich of the following correctly describes the linkages found in ATP? two anhydrides, a phospho ester and a glycosidic bond two anhydrides, two phospho esters and a glycosidic bond three anhydrides, a phospho ester and a glycosidic bond one anhydride, two esters and a glycosidic bondWhich of the following statements is true about CoQ? It is derived from carbohydrates. It carries electrons to Cyt. C It is a common electron carrier for both NADH and FADH2 ETC. It is position fixed in the electron transport chain
- It is often stated that the phosphate-phosphate bonds in ATP are "high energy," but in fact, they are not notably high in energy. Rather, they are easy to break, and the AG of hydrolysis is a "useful" quantity of energy. What makes the phosphate bonds easy to break? O They are close to the destabilizing nitrogenous base adenosine. O High alkalinity attacks bonds between phosphate groups. O Electrostatic repulsion of phosphate groups. Positive charges on amino groups repel each other. O High acidity attacks bonds between amino acids.Enzymes are catalysts that greatly increase the rates of biochemical reactions. They convert substrate molecules (S) to product molecules (P) in the reaction SP by functioning in which way? O increase the free energy of the subutrate meilecuiles increase the free energy of activation of the reaction O decrease the free energy of activation for the reaction O increase the free energy released by the reactionIdentify the following electron transport intermediate. H : O : O : HA. hydroxyl free radical B. the superoxide free radicalC. hydroxide ionD. hydrogen peroxideE. water