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- Watch this video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/micromacro) to learn more about macro- and microstructures of skeletal muscles. (a) What are the names of the junction points between sarcomeres? (b) What are the names of the subunits within the myofibrils that run the length of skeletal muscle fibers? (c) What is the “double strand of pearls� described in the video? (d) What gives a skeletal muscle fiber its striated appearance?After death, a person no longer makes ATP, so calcium stored in the sarcoplasmic reticulum diffuses down its concentration gradient into the muscle cytoplasm. This result is rigor mortis----an unbreakable state of muscle contraction that stiffens the body for a few days until muscles begin to decay. Explain why this contraction occurs.5. Identify the structures in this diagram of a muscle fiber Describe the function of each structure. 8) 4 9) Modifed by C Seiwert from original by Shaleta madepn Original uploadr was.ermyempat enwkipediaruti werk Abduramanii2 tulk) - Skeital muscda.ont. Pubfic Damain httn/commans.wikimedortwhdechaPeurid-10M Number Name Function 1 3. 4 6. 7 8 00 000 00 2.
- Discuss the following statement: “The basal lam-ina of muscle fibers serves as a molecular bulletin board,in which adjoining cells can post messages that direct thedifferentiation and function of the underlying cells.”5. State the structure and function of each of the following parts of a muscle fiber. (See pg. 13 of Filled In BIOL 2401 Comp Obls.) Practice with this interactive online card activity. W Sarcolemma Sarcoplasm sarcoplasmic reticulum transverse tubules ish (United States) ● Definition Platelets that cross the cell which has a lots of acetylcholine receptors ● Platelets that cross the cell which has a lots of acetylcholine receptors 6. Identify each of the following structures when given images of skeletal muscle fibers such as the one below. an entire muscle fiber myofibril myofilaments SEP 9 Function Regulates what crosses the cells that has lots of acetylcholine receptors · (smooth ER) - stores Ca+2 ions sarcoplasmic reticulum transverse tubules . cisternae MacBook Air 0 FocusTable1.Contractionofsmoothmusclebythreeagonists Contractileresponse(mm) Loglagonist] (M) -10 -9 -8.5 -8 -7.5 -7 -6.5 -6 -5.5 -5 -4.5 -4 agonist-1 0.2 1.8 4 9.8 14.8 18 19.6 19.4 20 20 20 20 agonist-2 0.2 1 2.6 4 7.6 8.8 9.6 9.8 10 10 agonist-3 0.2 2 5.2 10 14.8 18 19.6 20 a) Experiments were performed on the contraction of smooth muscleusingincreasingconcentrationsofthreeagonistsandtherespo nsesare given in Table 1. The maximum response of the system was 20mm contraction. Calculate the % maximum response of the systemforeachconcentrationofagonistandplotgraphsshowingthede pendence of the response on log [agonist]. Compare the threeagonists in terms of their maximal effect and their potency usingpharmacologicalterms. EIN 5
- Match the folowing (with reference to skeletal muscle): iy (8] cyclcaly bnds with the T2 Tubue myosin crossbrdes T during contraction T latersisacs o (b) has ATPase actvy the sarcoplasmic(¢) supples energy for the retcuun power stroke o 4 croee 5. myosin e . troponin- (@) rapidy transmits the ac- wropomyosin tion potentia tothe complex central prtion of the 7 actin musce finer (0 ® (8) prevents actin rom in- teractng with myosin when the musce fier s el31) Provide one difference and one similarity in the process of contraction of smooth, skeletal, and cardiac muscle. These could include channels, mechanisms, anatomic features etc (SHORT ANSWER PLEASE)PART B a) brie fly explain the role of calcium 1on Cca2t) an d protein to regulale the skele1a1 muscle contraction triggered by a ction Potential ) dehne asexvai repro du chion and dercribe tw o methods of asexvai reprodu ction in anim als.
- 2) List the names of the two major Contractile Proteins. Which of the proteins is "bound" and "anchored" to the cell membrane? The other protein essentially "floats" within the ctyoplasm; which contractile protein "floats". 3) Contractions in a muscle cell (or fiber) is always stimulated and intiated by a rapid rise in intrallcellular calcium. Write a brief paragraph or two explaining the differences in the sources of Contraction- causing-Calcium within the 3 different muscle-cell types.34- Which of the following sentences is incorrect: a- Muscle fibers and neurons are similar because they have a resting membrane pot. b- a muscle contracts more forcefully by increasing the frequency of ap' c- the muscle cell membrane potential transmits ap by salutatory conduction. d- the ap' transmitted to the interior of muscle cell by sarcoplasmic reticulum.3.4. About human skeletal muscle contraction, what are the correct statements? PHYSIOLOGY_basic (OJO) A muscle fiber is made by the parallel apposition of sarcomers. Generation of force relies on the formation of cross-bridges between actin and myosin filaments. In the process of contraction, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is required both to drive the actin-myosin association-dissociation cycle and to recycle calcium back to the endoplasmic reticulum. Each muscle fiber is innervated by one neuron only. T tubules are plasma membrane invaginations of the sarcolemma that allow excitation-contraction coupling.