need a 150 word summary for this research article also what are the legal or regulatory impact of the research study? Our study sought to comprehensively investigate the relationship between endometrio- sis and select gynecologic cancers, encompassing ovarian, endometrial, cervical, and breast cancers. Our dataset consisted of a robust collection of records from the NIS database spanning a four-year period, specifically from 2016 to 2019. We applied the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) coding system to identify relevant codes for our targeted variables (Supplementary Table S1). We conducted a rigorous screening process, excluding records with missing values or those that did not align with our inclu- sion criteria. We did not exclude patients with missing values in body mass index (BMI) due to the high percentages of absent values. The missing values, whenever applicable, were reported accordingly. To provide a comprehensive overview of our dataset, we employed descriptive statistics to summarize the fundamental characteristics of our key variables. The chi-squared (χ²) test was employed to assess disparities in baseline characteristics, particularly categorical variables, between patients with endometriosis and those without it. Subsequently, we conducted a series of univariate and multivariate regression analyses to comprehend and quantify the potential relationships between endometriosis and the frequency of female gynecologic cancers. In this analysis, we carefully considered several factors, including age, race, hospital region, smoking status, alcohol use, hormone replacement therapy, hospital teaching status, and income Zip score, as possible confounders. Results were reported as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). To avoid a possible increase in type 1 errors during the use of multiple regression models, adjustment using Bonferroni correction was used by dividing the alpha error value (0.05) over the number of tested covariates (n = 8). The statistically significant p-value after Bonferroni correction was set at <0.006. Ethical approval was not required for our study, as we exclusively utilized publicly available, de-identified data from the NIS database. Objective: We investigated the potential relationship between endometriosis and risk of ovarian, endometrial, cervical, and breast cancers using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database. Methods: We utilized the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) system to identify relevant codes from the NIS database (2016–2019). Univariate and multivariate regression analyses (adjusted for age, race, hospital region, hospital teaching status, income Zip score, smoking, alcohol use, and hormonal replacement therapy) were conducted to evaluate the association between endometriosis and gynecologic cancers and summarized as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: In the examined dataset, there were 1164 and 225,323 gynecologic cancer patients with and without endometriosis, respectively. Univariate analysis showed endometriosis was significantly associated with a higher risk of ovarian (OR = 3.42, 95% CI: 3.05–3.84, p< 0.001) and endometrial (OR = 3.35, 95% CI: 2.97–3.79, p< 0.001) cancers. There was no significant association between en- dometriosis and cervical cancer (OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 0.85–1.28, p= 0.663). Interestingly, endometriosis was significantly associated with a low risk of breast cancer (OR = 0.12, 95% CI: 0.10–0.17, p< 0.001). Multivariate analysis after Bonferroni correction (p< 0.006) showed that endometriosis was signifi- cantly associated with a high risk of ovarian (adjusted OR = 3.34, 95% CI: 2.97–3.75, p< 0.001) and endometrial (adjusted OR = 3.61, 95% CI: 3.12–4.08, p< 0.001) cancers. Conversely, there was no signif- icant association between endometriosis and cervical cancer (OR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.65–0.99, p= 0.036) Conclusions: Patients with endometriosis exhibited unique gynecologic cancer risk profiles, with higher risks for ovarian and endometrial cancers, and no significant risk for cervical cancer. The observed connection between endometriosis and a reduced risk of breast cancer remains a perplexing phenomenon, which cannot be put into context to date.
need a 150 word summary for this research article also what are the legal or regulatory impact of the research study? Our study sought to comprehensively investigate the relationship between endometrio- sis and select gynecologic cancers, encompassing ovarian, endometrial, cervical, and breast cancers. Our dataset consisted of a robust collection of records from the NIS database spanning a four-year period, specifically from 2016 to 2019. We applied the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) coding system to identify relevant codes for our targeted variables (Supplementary Table S1). We conducted a rigorous screening process, excluding records with missing values or those that did not align with our inclu- sion criteria. We did not exclude patients with missing values in body mass index (BMI) due to the high percentages of absent values. The missing values, whenever applicable, were reported accordingly. To provide a comprehensive overview of our dataset, we employed descriptive statistics to summarize the fundamental characteristics of our key variables. The chi-squared (χ²) test was employed to assess disparities in baseline characteristics, particularly categorical variables, between patients with endometriosis and those without it. Subsequently, we conducted a series of univariate and multivariate regression analyses to comprehend and quantify the potential relationships between endometriosis and the frequency of female gynecologic cancers. In this analysis, we carefully considered several factors, including age, race, hospital region, smoking status, alcohol use, hormone replacement therapy, hospital teaching status, and income Zip score, as possible confounders. Results were reported as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). To avoid a possible increase in type 1 errors during the use of multiple regression models, adjustment using Bonferroni correction was used by dividing the alpha error value (0.05) over the number of tested covariates (n = 8). The statistically significant p-value after Bonferroni correction was set at <0.006. Ethical approval was not required for our study, as we exclusively utilized publicly available, de-identified data from the NIS database. Objective: We investigated the potential relationship between endometriosis and risk of ovarian, endometrial, cervical, and breast cancers using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database. Methods: We utilized the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) system to identify relevant codes from the NIS database (2016–2019). Univariate and multivariate regression analyses (adjusted for age, race, hospital region, hospital teaching status, income Zip score, smoking, alcohol use, and hormonal replacement therapy) were conducted to evaluate the association between endometriosis and gynecologic cancers and summarized as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: In the examined dataset, there were 1164 and 225,323 gynecologic cancer patients with and without endometriosis, respectively. Univariate analysis showed endometriosis was significantly associated with a higher risk of ovarian (OR = 3.42, 95% CI: 3.05–3.84, p< 0.001) and endometrial (OR = 3.35, 95% CI: 2.97–3.79, p< 0.001) cancers. There was no significant association between en- dometriosis and cervical cancer (OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 0.85–1.28, p= 0.663). Interestingly, endometriosis was significantly associated with a low risk of breast cancer (OR = 0.12, 95% CI: 0.10–0.17, p< 0.001). Multivariate analysis after Bonferroni correction (p< 0.006) showed that endometriosis was signifi- cantly associated with a high risk of ovarian (adjusted OR = 3.34, 95% CI: 2.97–3.75, p< 0.001) and endometrial (adjusted OR = 3.61, 95% CI: 3.12–4.08, p< 0.001) cancers. Conversely, there was no signif- icant association between endometriosis and cervical cancer (OR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.65–0.99, p= 0.036) Conclusions: Patients with endometriosis exhibited unique gynecologic cancer risk profiles, with higher risks for ovarian and endometrial cancers, and no significant risk for cervical cancer. The observed connection between endometriosis and a reduced risk of breast cancer remains a perplexing phenomenon, which cannot be put into context to date.
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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i need a 150 word summary for this research article also what are the legal or regulatory impact of the research study?
Our study sought to comprehensively investigate the relationship between endometrio-
sis and select gynecologic cancers, encompassing ovarian, endometrial, cervical, and breast
cancers. Our dataset consisted of a robust collection of records from the NIS database
spanning a four-year period, specifically from 2016 to 2019. We applied the International
Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) coding system to identify relevant codes
for our targeted variables (Supplementary Table S1). We conducted a rigorous screening
process, excluding records with missing values or those that did not align with our inclu-
sion criteria. We did not exclude patients with missing values in body mass index (BMI)
due to the high percentages of absent values. The missing values, whenever applicable,
were reported accordingly.
To provide a comprehensive overview of our dataset, we employed descriptive statistics
to summarize the fundamental characteristics of our key variables. The chi-squared (χ²)
test was employed to assess disparities in baseline characteristics, particularly categorical
variables, between patients with endometriosis and those without it. Subsequently, we
conducted a series of univariate and multivariate regression analyses to comprehend and
quantify the potential relationships between endometriosis and the frequency of female
gynecologic cancers. In this analysis, we carefully considered several factors, including age,
race, hospital region, smoking status, alcohol use, hormone replacement therapy, hospital
teaching status, and income Zip score, as possible confounders. Results were reported as odds
ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). To avoid a possible increase in type 1 errors
during the use of multiple regression models, adjustment using Bonferroni correction was
used by dividing the alpha error value (0.05) over the number of tested covariates (n = 8). The
statistically significant p-value after Bonferroni correction was set at <0.006.
Ethical approval was not required for our study, as we exclusively utilized publicly
available, de-identified data from the NIS database.
Objective: We investigated the potential relationship between endometriosis and risk of
ovarian, endometrial, cervical, and breast cancers using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database.
Methods: We utilized the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) system to identify relevant
codes from the NIS database (2016–2019). Univariate and multivariate regression analyses (adjusted
for age, race, hospital region, hospital teaching status, income Zip score, smoking, alcohol use, and
hormonal replacement therapy) were conducted to evaluate the association between endometriosis
and gynecologic cancers and summarized as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Results: In the examined dataset, there were 1164 and 225,323 gynecologic cancer patients with and
without endometriosis, respectively. Univariate analysis showed endometriosis was significantly
associated with a higher risk of ovarian (OR = 3.42, 95% CI: 3.05–3.84, p< 0.001) and endometrial
(OR = 3.35, 95% CI: 2.97–3.79, p< 0.001) cancers. There was no significant association between en-
dometriosis and cervical cancer (OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 0.85–1.28, p= 0.663). Interestingly, endometriosis
was significantly associated with a low risk of breast cancer (OR = 0.12,
95% CI: 0.10–0.17, p< 0.001).
Multivariate analysis after Bonferroni correction (p< 0.006) showed that endometriosis was signifi-
cantly associated with a high risk of ovarian (adjusted OR = 3.34, 95% CI: 2.97–3.75, p< 0.001) and
endometrial (adjusted OR = 3.61, 95% CI: 3.12–4.08, p< 0.001) cancers. Conversely, there was no signif-
icant association between endometriosis and cervical cancer (OR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.65–0.99,
p= 0.036)
Conclusions: Patients with endometriosis exhibited unique gynecologic cancer risk profiles, with
higher risks for ovarian and endometrial cancers, and no significant risk for cervical cancer. The
observed connection between endometriosis and a reduced risk of breast cancer remains a perplexing
phenomenon, which cannot be put into context to date.
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