Monosaccharides have the general molecular formula of (CH₂0)m, where m is the number carbons. (m=5 is a pentose, such as xylose & m=6 is a hexose such as glucose.) Starch is a polysaccharide of thousands of glucose monomers, linked by an oxygen (-0-) bridge. The general molecular formula for starch is usually taken as (C6H1005) when n is the degree of polymerization. When formed from glucose a water molecule is released for every step in the polymerization process; when hydrolyzed (de-polymerized) a water molecule is necessary. The de-polymerization reaction can be considered as: (C6H1005)n + α H₂O →ß (C6H1206) Balance the stoichiometry, i.e., find expressions for a & ß (that may involve the degree of polymerization, n). If we start with 1 kg of starch & totally hydrolyze it to glucose then how much glucose do we get [in kg & kg.mole]? Do the calculations assuming that n=1,000. The fermentation of glucose to ethanol can be expressed in the figure on the right¹. How much ethanol can be produced from the amount of glucose found above [in kg & kg.moles]? Will the molar amounts of glucose & ethanol change if you assume n=5,000? How about the mass amounts? Glucose 2 Ethanol 2ADP+2P NAD NAD 2ATP NADH NADH 2 Pyruvate 2 Acetaldehyde 200₂
Monosaccharides have the general molecular formula of (CH₂0)m, where m is the number carbons. (m=5 is a pentose, such as xylose & m=6 is a hexose such as glucose.) Starch is a polysaccharide of thousands of glucose monomers, linked by an oxygen (-0-) bridge. The general molecular formula for starch is usually taken as (C6H1005) when n is the degree of polymerization. When formed from glucose a water molecule is released for every step in the polymerization process; when hydrolyzed (de-polymerized) a water molecule is necessary. The de-polymerization reaction can be considered as: (C6H1005)n + α H₂O →ß (C6H1206) Balance the stoichiometry, i.e., find expressions for a & ß (that may involve the degree of polymerization, n). If we start with 1 kg of starch & totally hydrolyze it to glucose then how much glucose do we get [in kg & kg.mole]? Do the calculations assuming that n=1,000. The fermentation of glucose to ethanol can be expressed in the figure on the right¹. How much ethanol can be produced from the amount of glucose found above [in kg & kg.moles]? Will the molar amounts of glucose & ethanol change if you assume n=5,000? How about the mass amounts? Glucose 2 Ethanol 2ADP+2P NAD NAD 2ATP NADH NADH 2 Pyruvate 2 Acetaldehyde 200₂
Biology Today and Tomorrow without Physiology (MindTap Course List)
5th Edition
ISBN:9781305117396
Author:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Chapter2: Molecules Of Life
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 4CT: In the following list, identify the carbohydrate, the fatty acid, the amino acid, and the...
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