Phlebotomy Essentials
6th Edition
ISBN:9781451194524
Author:Ruth McCall, Cathee M. Tankersley MT(ASCP)
Publisher:Ruth McCall, Cathee M. Tankersley MT(ASCP)
Chapter1: Phlebotomy: Past And Present And The Healthcare Setting
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1SRQ
Related questions
Question
3. List and briefly discuss the other types of bone and joint disorders besides rheumatoid arthritis.
4. Following a review of the laboratory tests, serum ALT and AST tests were performed. What is the reasoning
behind this? What medications does the patient currently take that necessitate this monitoring?
![3. Answer the questions at the end of the activity
Subjective
Chief Complaint: “I have pain in all of my joints, a swollen left knee, and stiffness every morning."
HPI: Janet Hobbs is a 58-year-old woman who presents to her rheumatologist with generalized arthralgias, a swollen left
knee, and morning stiffness. These symptoms have been occurring with increasing severity for the past several weeks.
She presented with similar symptoms 3 months ago, at which time her drug regimen was changed from methotrexate
and NSAID therapy to her current regimen below.
PMH: RA × 6 years S/P, hysterectomy 4 years ago, HTN × 10 years
FH: Father died from complications after a traumatic fall at age 65. Mother died of a hip fracture and pneumonia at age
78. No siblings.
SH: Housewife; married for 32 years; has two grown children with no known medical problems. Denies alcohol or tobacco
use. Volunteers in the community extensively, but has been doing less in the past 2 months.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F44fcc3de-8aef-41f5-86e0-0ef81b7e2c2e%2F33036ccd-fe6d-4ba1-bf24-6146af55e2d7%2Fz7ubkck_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:3. Answer the questions at the end of the activity
Subjective
Chief Complaint: “I have pain in all of my joints, a swollen left knee, and stiffness every morning."
HPI: Janet Hobbs is a 58-year-old woman who presents to her rheumatologist with generalized arthralgias, a swollen left
knee, and morning stiffness. These symptoms have been occurring with increasing severity for the past several weeks.
She presented with similar symptoms 3 months ago, at which time her drug regimen was changed from methotrexate
and NSAID therapy to her current regimen below.
PMH: RA × 6 years S/P, hysterectomy 4 years ago, HTN × 10 years
FH: Father died from complications after a traumatic fall at age 65. Mother died of a hip fracture and pneumonia at age
78. No siblings.
SH: Housewife; married for 32 years; has two grown children with no known medical problems. Denies alcohol or tobacco
use. Volunteers in the community extensively, but has been doing less in the past 2 months.
![Meds: Hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg PO Q AM, Norvasc 10 mg PO once daily, Nabumetone 750 mg = 2 tabs po Q HS,
Prednisone 5 mg = 1/2 tab po Q AM, Methotrexate 2.5 mg = 6 tabs po once a week, Hydroxychloroquine 200 mg = 1 tab
po BID, Sulfasalazine EC 500 mg = 1 tab po BID, Folic acid 1 mg PO once daily. The patient receives medications at a
local community pharmacy. The medication profile indicates that she refills her medications on time on the first of each
month.
All: Penicillin (rash 25 years ago)
ROS: Swelling in the left knee; decreased ROM in hands; morning stiffness every day for about 3 hours; fatigue
experienced daily during afternoon hours; denies HA, chest pain, SOB, bleeding episodes, or syncopal attacks; denies
nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, loss of appetite or weight loss; reports minor visual changes corrected with stronger
prescription glasses.
Objective
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
Gen: Pleasant, middle-aged white woman in moderate distress because of pain and swelling in left knee
VS: BP 138/80, P 82, RR 14, T 37.1°C; Wt 65.3 kg, Ht 5'6"
.
.
Skin: No rashes; normal turgor; no breakdown or ulcers
HEENT: Atraumatic; moon facies; PERRLA; EOMI; AV nicking visible bilaterally; pale conjunctiva bilaterally; TMs
intact; xerostomia
.
Neck/Lymph Nodes: Supple, no JVD or thyromegaly; no bruits; palpable lymph nodes
Chest: CTA
Breasts: Normal; no lumps
CV: RRR; normal S1, S2; no MRG
Abd: Soft, NT/ND; (+) BS
Genit/Rect: Deferred
LABORATORY EXAMINATION
TABLE 96-1 Lab Values
Na 135 mEq/L
K4.1 mEq/L
Cl101 mEq/L
CO₂ 22 mEq/L
BUN 12 mg/dL
SCr 0.8 mg/dL
Glu 103 mg/dL
MS/Ext: Hands: mild RA changes; swelling of the 3rd, 4th, and 5th PIP joints bilaterally; pain in the 3rd and 4th
MCP joints on left; boutonnière deformity of the 3rd and 4th digits bilaterally; ulnar deviation bilaterally, decreased
grip strength, L > R (patient is left-handed) Wrists: decreased ROM Elbows: good ROM; slight permanent
contracture on right; fixed nodule at pressure point Shoulders: decreased ROM (especially abduction) bilaterally
Hips: decreased ROM on right; atrophy of quadriceps, L > R Knees: pain bilaterally; decreased ROM on left;
effusion/edema on left Feet: no edema; full plantar flexion and dorsiflexion; 3+ pedal pulses
Neuro: CN II-XII grossly intact; muscle strength 5/5 UE, 4/5 LE, DTRS 2/4 biceps and triceps, 1/4 patella
Hgb 10.0 g/dl
Hct 31%
WBC 13.0 x 10/mm³
Plt 356 x 10³/mm³
Ca 9.1 mg/dl
Urate 5.1 mg/dL
TSH 0.74 mIU/L
AST 15 IU/L
ALT 12 IU/L
Alk phos 56 IU/L
T.bili 0.8 mg/dL
Alb 4.2 g/dL
HbsAg (-)
Anti-HCV (-)
CK <20 IU/L
ANA negative
Wes ESR 47 mm/h
RF (+) 1:1,280
Anti-CCP (+)
aPTT 31 sec
INR 1.0
Fasting Lipid Profile:
T. chol 219 mg/dL
LDL 106 mg/dl
HDL 50 mg/dL
TG 150 mg/dl.
UA: Normal
Chest X-Ray: No fluid, masses, or infection; no cardiomegaly
Hand X-Ray: Erosion of MCP and PIP joints bilaterally; measurable joint space narrowing from previous x-ray 6
months ago
Synovial Fluid: From left knee; white cells 23.0 x 103 /mm³, turbid in appearance
DEXA scan of hip/spine: T-score reported as -2](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F44fcc3de-8aef-41f5-86e0-0ef81b7e2c2e%2F33036ccd-fe6d-4ba1-bf24-6146af55e2d7%2Flun7bnt_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:Meds: Hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg PO Q AM, Norvasc 10 mg PO once daily, Nabumetone 750 mg = 2 tabs po Q HS,
Prednisone 5 mg = 1/2 tab po Q AM, Methotrexate 2.5 mg = 6 tabs po once a week, Hydroxychloroquine 200 mg = 1 tab
po BID, Sulfasalazine EC 500 mg = 1 tab po BID, Folic acid 1 mg PO once daily. The patient receives medications at a
local community pharmacy. The medication profile indicates that she refills her medications on time on the first of each
month.
All: Penicillin (rash 25 years ago)
ROS: Swelling in the left knee; decreased ROM in hands; morning stiffness every day for about 3 hours; fatigue
experienced daily during afternoon hours; denies HA, chest pain, SOB, bleeding episodes, or syncopal attacks; denies
nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, loss of appetite or weight loss; reports minor visual changes corrected with stronger
prescription glasses.
Objective
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
Gen: Pleasant, middle-aged white woman in moderate distress because of pain and swelling in left knee
VS: BP 138/80, P 82, RR 14, T 37.1°C; Wt 65.3 kg, Ht 5'6"
.
.
Skin: No rashes; normal turgor; no breakdown or ulcers
HEENT: Atraumatic; moon facies; PERRLA; EOMI; AV nicking visible bilaterally; pale conjunctiva bilaterally; TMs
intact; xerostomia
.
Neck/Lymph Nodes: Supple, no JVD or thyromegaly; no bruits; palpable lymph nodes
Chest: CTA
Breasts: Normal; no lumps
CV: RRR; normal S1, S2; no MRG
Abd: Soft, NT/ND; (+) BS
Genit/Rect: Deferred
LABORATORY EXAMINATION
TABLE 96-1 Lab Values
Na 135 mEq/L
K4.1 mEq/L
Cl101 mEq/L
CO₂ 22 mEq/L
BUN 12 mg/dL
SCr 0.8 mg/dL
Glu 103 mg/dL
MS/Ext: Hands: mild RA changes; swelling of the 3rd, 4th, and 5th PIP joints bilaterally; pain in the 3rd and 4th
MCP joints on left; boutonnière deformity of the 3rd and 4th digits bilaterally; ulnar deviation bilaterally, decreased
grip strength, L > R (patient is left-handed) Wrists: decreased ROM Elbows: good ROM; slight permanent
contracture on right; fixed nodule at pressure point Shoulders: decreased ROM (especially abduction) bilaterally
Hips: decreased ROM on right; atrophy of quadriceps, L > R Knees: pain bilaterally; decreased ROM on left;
effusion/edema on left Feet: no edema; full plantar flexion and dorsiflexion; 3+ pedal pulses
Neuro: CN II-XII grossly intact; muscle strength 5/5 UE, 4/5 LE, DTRS 2/4 biceps and triceps, 1/4 patella
Hgb 10.0 g/dl
Hct 31%
WBC 13.0 x 10/mm³
Plt 356 x 10³/mm³
Ca 9.1 mg/dl
Urate 5.1 mg/dL
TSH 0.74 mIU/L
AST 15 IU/L
ALT 12 IU/L
Alk phos 56 IU/L
T.bili 0.8 mg/dL
Alb 4.2 g/dL
HbsAg (-)
Anti-HCV (-)
CK <20 IU/L
ANA negative
Wes ESR 47 mm/h
RF (+) 1:1,280
Anti-CCP (+)
aPTT 31 sec
INR 1.0
Fasting Lipid Profile:
T. chol 219 mg/dL
LDL 106 mg/dl
HDL 50 mg/dL
TG 150 mg/dl.
UA: Normal
Chest X-Ray: No fluid, masses, or infection; no cardiomegaly
Hand X-Ray: Erosion of MCP and PIP joints bilaterally; measurable joint space narrowing from previous x-ray 6
months ago
Synovial Fluid: From left knee; white cells 23.0 x 103 /mm³, turbid in appearance
DEXA scan of hip/spine: T-score reported as -2
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