Let the demand curve for a monopolist’s product be P = 100 – 2Qd and the marginal cost of production be constant at MC = 10. Suppose that the firm considers moving from a uniform pricing strategy to a two-block tariff where the first block provides 15 units at a price of P1 = $70 and the second block provides an additional 15 units at a price of P2 = $40. How much does the monopolist’s profit rise with this scheme?
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. Let the demand curve for a monopolist’s product be P = 100 – 2Qd and the marginal cost of
production be constant at MC = 10. Suppose that the firm considers moving from a uniform
pricing strategy to a two-block tariff where the first block provides 15 units at a price of P1 =
$70 and the second block provides an additional 15 units at a price of P2 = $40. How much does
the monopolist’s profit rise with this scheme?
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- Consider any market that has a demand curve given by: Qd = 240 - 2P. Where Qd is the total quantity demanded in the market, given in millions of units and P is the market price, calculated in monetary units. Imagine that there are 2 Cournot oligopolists operating in this market with Cmg = CVme = 15 and fixed monthly costs equal to 1,400. About this market, ask yourself: a) What is the profit of each of the oligopolists? b) Imagine that one of the companies managed to implement a process innovation capable of halving its Cmg and CVme, so that they would go from 15 to 7.5. This investment implies an additional monthly expense of $1,800. Discuss the statement: "If this situation occurs, the innovative company will not implement variable cost reduction, as the quantity supplied in the market will increase very little; prices will remain very close to what they are today and its profits will not increase"10. Suppose that a monopolist faces a linear demand curve having a vertical intercept of (Q.a) and a horizontal intercept of (b,0). Denote the midpoint on the segment ab by the letter m (i.e., the line segment am is equal in length to the line segment bm). Denote the coordinates at point m by (Q*, P*). Now suppose that you overheard a student in ECON 2450 reason in the following manner: A profit-maximizing monopoly firm that sells all units that it produces at a uniform price. The firm would never produce more than Q* (or alternatively, will never charge a price below P*) since doing so reduce its total revenue as well as increasing its total cost. Even if the cost of production were negligibly small or even zero, the monopolist's profits would fall if it produced more than Q*." Is this argument correct? If so explain why. If not, explain why not.O OO The above graph shows the market demand function for a product. Assume that the market is served by a perfectly-price-discriminating monopolist with a constant marginal cost of production equal to $4 (MC = $4) and no fixed cost (FC = 0). The deadweight loss equals: DWL - $72 DWL - $0 DWL- -$48 DWL - $84 DWL-$36 $30 $28 $26 $24 $22 $20 Question 23 $18 $16 $14 $12 $10 $8 $6 $4 $2 $0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
- Consider a monopolist facing two consumers with the following two inverse demand functions: P=200-4Q1 and P=122- 6Q2. Assume that fixed costs are zero and that the marginal cost is equal to $8.a) Suppose the monopolist can differentiate between the two consumers. The monopolist decides to use a twoparttariff that permits both consumers to stay in the market. Solve for each consumer’s demand, fixed fee andmonopolist profits. b) Assume the monopolist cannot differentiate between the two consumers and hence cannot apply a two-parttariff. He decides to serve both consumers. Solve for the equilibrium aggregate demand and price in themarket, demand of each consumer and the monopolist profit.9. A monopolist produces a good at a constant marginal cost of 4. Suppose the monopolist is able to practice first-degree price discrimination (FDPD). The (in- verse) market demand function for the good is given by P=10-bQ where P is price, Q is quantity and b> 0 is a constant. Let DL(Q) denote the deadweight loss at quantity Q, and let CS(Q) denote the consumer surplus at Q. (a) Under FDPD, the marginal revenue function of the monopolist is the same as the market demand function. Is this true or false? Explain carefully.The following figure shows the demand for monopolists Price 20 10 O Quantity a) 60 b) 59 c) 96 d) 62 Assume that the monopoly has two plants-plant 1 and plant 2. Cost function is given for plant c;(q;)=2+4gifq; > 0 1. i=1,2. c;(q) = 0,otherwise Find the optimal profits. 10 20
- Q1) Suppose that the inverse demand for a product is represented by the equation P = 50 – Q, where P is the price in Euros and Q is the annual output. Suppose that only one firm produces this product and that the marginal and average cost is €10. Calculate the profit-maximising price for this monopolist. Q2) In autumn, Erling Kagge, who lives alone on an island near the North Pole, puts 50 bags of root vegetables from his harvest into a cave just before a family of polar bears goes in to hibernate. The polar bears do not eat vegetables but would attack Kagge if he approached them. As a result, he is unable to get the vegetables out before the polar bears emerge the following spring. The vegetables spoil at the same rate no matter where he stores them. Which of the following statements best describes this behaviour? A. Kagge’s behaviour is an example of the anchoring effect in action B. Kagge’s behaviour is an example of the framing effect in action C. Kagge’s…9. A monopolist produces a good at a constant marginal cost of 4. Suppose the monopolist is able to practice first-degree price discrimination (FDPD). The (in- verse) market demand function for the good is given by P-10-bQ where P is price, Q is quantity and b>0 is a constant. Let DL(Q) denote the deadweight loss at quantity Q, and let CS(Q) denote the consumer surplus at (a) Under FDPD, the marginal revenue function of the monopolist is the same as the market demand function. Is this true or false? Explain carefully. (b) Let Q be the monopolist's optimal quantity under FDPD. Calculate the value of CS(Q) - DL(Q). (c) Suppose a regulator imposes a per-unit tax of t on the monopolist and re- distributes tax revenue to consumers, so that tax revenue becomes part of consumer surplus. Let Q; be the monopolist's optimal quantity under FDPD given a per-unit tax of t. Calculate the value of t that maximises CS(Q)-DL(Q).Suppose that you're working to calculate a monopolist's profit-maximizing uniform price in a market where the inverse demand function is P(y) = 52 - 3y and you've reached the point that you know the monopolist's profit maximization condition is 52-6y = 4 What is the profit-maximizing QUANTITY? y = 8 y = 14 y = 28 and you've reached the point that you know the monopolist's profit maximization condition is 52-6y = 4 What is the profit-maximizing QUANTITY? O y = 8 y = 14 y = 28 y = 9 If a monopolist can carry out perfect price discrimination, the outcome in the market will be: Pareto Efficient, as in Perfect Competition Inefficient, exactly as under Monopoly Uniform Pricing Between the Efficiency of Perfect Competition and the Inefficiency of Uniform pricing
- The figure at right shows the demand line, marginal revenue line, and cost curves for a single-price monopolist. Now suppose the monopolist is able to charge a different price on each different unit sold. The profit-maximizing quantity for the monopolist is whole number.) (Round your response to the nearest D Price ($) 1000- 900- 800- 700- 600- 500- 400- 300- 200- 100- 0- 0 MC ATC D MR 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 Quantity 17. Profit maximization and loss minimization BYOB is a monopolist in beer production and distribution in the imaginary economy of Hopsville. Suppose that BYOB cannot price discriminate; that is, it sells its beer at the same price per can to all customers. The following graph shows the marginal cost (MC), marginal revenue (MR), average total cost (ATC), and demand (D) for beer in this market. Place the black point (plus symbol) on the graph to indicate the profit-maximizing price and quantity for BYOB. If BYOB is making a profit, use the green rectangle (triangle symbols) to shade in the area representing its profit. On the other hand, if BYOB is suffering a loss, use the purple rectangle (diamond symbols) to shade in the area representing its loss. Suppose that BYOB charges $2.50 per can. Your friend Clancy says that since BYOB is a monopoly with market power, it should charge a higher price of $3.00 per can because this will increase BYOB’s profit. Complete the…Consider the diagram below: a) If a firm is single –price monopolist, what price firm will charge and what is the profit maximizing output? Calculate the area of monopolist’s profit (in tk), consumer surplus (in tk) and deadweight loss (in tk) from the information of the diagram. b) If the firm would work as a perfectly price discriminating monopolist, what amount of output firm would have produced? How firm would have charged price? Calculate the area of consumer surplus (in tk), profit(in tk) and deadweight loss (in tk) from the information of the diagram. Don,t copy from anywhere. Answer must be correct.Do all answer.